<![CDATA[
<BODY>
<P><HR><P>
<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>ST6FAQ</H1>
<CENTER>
1998/10/06<BR>
L. Schneider
</CENTER>
<P><HR><P>
<H2>#A. Introduction</H2>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_INTRO">
<P>
This FAQ as an attempt to collect/distribute information
about the ST6 microcontrollers of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics
on the USENET.
<P>
There are 4 versions of this FAQ:
<UL>
<LI>a modular HTML version using frames,
<LI>a modular HTML version not using frames,
<LI>a monolithic HTML version, and
<LI>a TXT version.
</UL>
<P>
The HTML versions offers direct links to other documents available online;
the monolithic version will take a bit longer to load as it contains all parts
of the modular versions in one big chunk. In the modular version using frames
Table-of-Contents is permanently available on a separate "window".
<BR>
For the TEXT version the URLs of links to other documents mentioned above
are extracted from the text and are listed at the end;
bracketed numbers in flowing text refer to this list.
<P>
If this document will be accepted by the appropriate NewsGroups and
also approved by "news.answers" NewsGroup, we will call this document
<P>
<CENTER>
"ST6 microcontrollers FAQ" (in short "ST6FAQ").
</CENTER>
<P>
<B>
While this FAQ is not intended to be an advertisement for any product,
please note that some of the contributors have a financial interest in
some of the items mentioned. Your editor has NO financial interest in
anything mentioned in this FAQ.
</B>
<H2>#B. Table of Contents</H2>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_TOC">
<UL>
<BR><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_INTRO">
#A. Introduction
</A>
<BR><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">
#B. Table of Contents
</A>
<BR><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C">
#C. Pointers, Questions and Answers (last change)
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_0">
###0) General Stuff
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_0_0">
#0.0) New (LS+ 951103)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_0_9">
#0.9) Trademarks (LS* 950805)
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1">
###1) About this FAQ
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_1">
#1.1) Who put this FAQ together? (LS+ 960130)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_2">
#1.2) How can I contribute to this FAQ? (LS* 960130)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_3">
#1.3) What Newsgroups will this FAQ be posted to? (LS+ 950907)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_4">
#1.4) Where is this FAQ archived? (LS+ 970730)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_5">
#1.5) May I distribute this FAQ or post it somewhere else? (LS+ 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_6">
#1.6) Other FAQS of possible Interest (LS* 951103)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_1_9">
#1.9) DOs and DO-NOTs (LS* 950805)
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2">
###2) About the ST6-Family of Microcontrollers
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_1">
#2.1) The ST6xxx Microcontrollers (LS% 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_2">
#2.2) Common / New ST6 variants (LS% 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_3">
#2.3) Technical Details (speed, power, EMI, instruction set) (STM?)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_5">
#2.5) Device List (LS% 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_6">
#2.6) Corresponding ROM/OTP/EPROM Versions (LS% 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_7">
#2.7) Upgrade Path
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_8">
#2.8) Representatives / (approximate Prices) (LS+ 960228)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_2_9">
#2.9) Advantages realized in implementing Control Applications on (EC 960228)
this Family of Microcontrollers
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3">
###3) Sources of Information on the ST6
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_1">
#3.1) Useful Addresses (eMail / SnailMail) (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_2">
#3.2) FTP Sites (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_3">
#3.3) BBSs (EC! 960130)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_4">
#3.4) WWW (LS% 970227)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_5">
#3.5) Fax-On-Demand (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_7">
#3.7) Mailing Lists (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_8">
#3.8) Discussion / Application Circles (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_3_9">
#3.9) Help available! (EC% 950727)
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4">
###4) Free ST6 Development Products
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_1">
#4.1) Development Tools (assemblers, compilers, simulators) (LS% 970227)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_2">
#4.2) Function Packages (e.g. math, macros, subroutines) (EC% 950921)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_3">
#4.3) OTP/EPROM Programmers (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_4">
#4.4) Debugging Tools (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_5">
#4.5) Starter Kit Software
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_9">
#4.9) Miscellaneous
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5">
###5) Commercially available ST6 Development Products
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_1">
#5.1) Development Tools (assemblers, compilers, simulators) (EC% 970127)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_2">
#5.2) Function Packages (e.g. math, macros, subroutines) (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_3">
#5.3) OTP/EPROM Programmers (LS% 960831)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_4">
#5.4) Debugging Tools (LS% 950905)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_5">
#5.5) Starter Kit Software
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_5_9">
#5.9) Miscellaneous
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6">
###6) ST6 Documentation
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_1">
#6.1) Brochures / Data Books / CD-ROM / Application Notes (LS% 960130)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_2">
#6.2) Periodicals (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_3">
#6.3) Books (???)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_6">
#6.6) Problems / Bugs (chips, hardware, software) (EC! 960228)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_7">
#6.7) Hardware Hints and Tips (JVK%951130)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_8">
#6.8) Software Hints and Tips (JVK%960401)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_6_9">
#6.9) Miscellaneous Documentation (EC% 950921)
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_7">
###7) ST6 Applications and Projects
</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_7_1">
#7.1) Printed Circuit Boards
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_7_2">
#7.2) Useful Routines (LS% 961109)
</A>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_7_5">
#7.5) Assembled Controllers (LS% 980522)
</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_9">
###9) Attributions (ls+ 960228)
</A>
</UL>
<BR><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_D">
#D. Disclaimers
</A>
<BR><A HREF="#ST6FAQ_E">
#E. Copyrights
</A>
</UL>
<A HREF="st6faqc0.htm#ST6FAQ_C_0">
<H2>#C. Pointers, Questions and Answers</H2></A>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C">
<H3>###0) GENERAL STUFF (LS!)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_0">
<H4>
#0.0) New (LS+)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_0_0">
<P>
<BLINK>ST7 and ST9 topics removed</BLINK>
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
The main purpose of this "FAQ" is to trigger a joint-venture
of collecting valuable - at least useful - information about the
ST6xxx family of microcontrollers introduced by SGS-THOMSON.
So please do not expect very much from this document - we are still
at a starting phase. We'll work on it - and hopefully some of you, too.
</P>
<P>
If you take a look at the "Table of Contents'" last (status) column,
you'll notice: there are several gaps left at the moment and a lot
of question marks.
</P>
<P>
The initials there stand for persons who try to take care for
maintaining and filling some chapters of this FAQ draft
(see sub-chapter "How can I contribute to this FAQ?" for explanation
of these "aliases" );
it also indicates sub-chapter's status and date of last change.
</P>
<P>
The special characters adjacent to the shorthand "aliases" mean:
</P>
<PRE>
? request to care for,
! cares for (at least momentarily),
% topic is in process, but more information is needed
* topic is (said to be) finished
+ topic is updated
</PRE>
<H4>
#0.9) Trademarks (LS%)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_0_9">
<P>
Probably these are trademarks:
</P>
<PRE>
MS-DOS,
WINDOWS by Microsoft Corporation;
OS/2,
PC,
PC-DOS by International Business Machines Corporation;
ST6,
ST6xxx by SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES.
</PRE>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###1) ABOUT THIS FAQ (LS*)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1">
<H4>
#1.1) Who put this FAQ together? (LS*)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_1">
<P>
Based on the pre-work of the authors of
</P>
<PRE>
Microcontroller-FAQ/Primer,
68HC11-FAQ,
8051-FAQ Russ Hersch (sibit@datasrv.co.il),
COP8-FAQ Robin Getz (rgetz@esd.nsc.com),
PIC-FAQ Tom Kellett (tom@takdsign.demon.co.uk)
</PRE>
<P>
this proposal ST6-FAQ was initiated by
</P>
<!--
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*),
Jerry van Kampen (jvkamp42@worldaccess.nl) (*JvK*),
Leonhard Schneider (lskade@hotmail.com) (*LS*).
</PRE>
-->
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*),
Jerry van Kampen (*JvK*),
Leonhard Schneider (lskade@hotmail.com) (*LS*).
</PRE>
<P>
We decided to take the format and whatever was reasonable to be
taken from the for-runner FAQS (with permission of the authors).
The unique "#" character in front of the chapter numbers we put there
to ease forward/backward skipping using search commands.
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
To link an HTML version of this FAQ to his "ChipDir" was an idea of
</P>
<PRE>
Jaap van Ganswijk (ganswijk@xs4all.nl) (*JvG*).
</PRE>
<P>
Another HTML version of ST6-FAQ is kept by
</P>
<PRE>
Filip Gieszczykiewicz (filip@alpha.smi.med.pitt.edu) (*FG*).
</PRE>
... although we are not informed if efforts are taken to keep these HTML
versions up-to-date. So have a look at the date and be suspicious
if you detect one of the type "yyyy/mm/dd B.C."
<H4>
#1.2) How can I contribute to this FAQ? (LS%)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_2">
<P>
If you have any suggestions or additions, or you would like to
correct any of the information contained herein, please eMail a note,
depending on subject, to *one* of the "co-maintainers"
(see status column in "Table of Contents"):
</P>
<!--
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*)
Jerry van Kampen (jvkamp42@worldaccess.nl) (*JvK*)
(place [Jerry] in subject line)
Leonhard Schneider (lskade@hotmail.com) (*LS*)
</PRE>
-->
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*)
Jerry van Kampen (*JvK*)
Leonhard Schneider (lskade@hotmail.com) (*LS*)
</PRE>
<P>
For the ease of FAQ maintaining we ask supporters to provide their
contributions in a format that matches the format of this FAQ.
</P>
<P>
Please precede your article by
</P>
<PRE>
a copy of the adequate topic line,
a subject line describing the contents of your article in brief,
</PRE>
<P>
and append
</P>
<PRE>
a line with your name and eMail-address.
</PRE>
<P>
Articles offered to the maintainers of this ST6-FAQ must be free
to be published on The Net.
</P>
<P>
If you give names of ftp/html-sites, please use URL conventions (rfc1630),
even if WE didn't do it by accident (but please point to our mistakes).
</P>
<P>
We certainly hope that those of you who know of interesting items for
the ST6 will share with everyone by contributing to this project.
</P>
<P>
If you are a manufacturer and have an anonymous ftp site available
that supports the ST6, please let us know by Email so that we can
add it to this FAQ.
</P>
<H4>
#1.3) What Newsgroups will this FAQ be posted to? (LS%)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_3">
<P>
This FAQ will NOT be cross-posted to newsgroups anymore, because
</P>
<UL>
<LI>there are several sites now archiving the ST6FAQ in
US-America, Australia, and Europe;
<LI>the FAQ grew up to 100k in size and we assume
too few people are interested in ST6 subject,
not justifying the effort to periodically cross-post
a FAQ of this size to several newsgroups;
<LI>the advances of this FAQ are mostly marginal.
</UL>
<P>
If there are updates of the ST6FAQ, a short announcement/reminder will
be cross-posted to the following newsgroups:
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="news:alt.comp.hardware.homebuilt">
alt.comp.hardware.homebuilt</A>
<BR>Homebrew computers of all kinds.
<LI><A HREF="news:comp.arch.embedded">
comp.arch.embedded</A>
<BR>Embedded computer systems topics
<LI><A HREF="news:sci.electronics.misc">
sci.electronics.misc</A>
<BR>Circuits, theory, electrons and discussions
</UL>
<P>
Issues of ST6FAQ will be updated once a month. We can't promise that it
will be on time, but we hope to post it on the *6th* of each month.
Easy to remember, isn't it: ST6 at 6th?
</P>
<P>
You may also want to check out the following newsgroups, since they
may occasionally have items of interest for ST6 users.
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="news:alt.lang.asm">
alt.lang.asm</A>
<LI><A HREF="news:comp.lang.misc">
comp.lang.misc</A>
</UL>
<P>
And probably later, depending on what people think....
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="news:comp.answers">
comp.answers</A>
<LI><A HREF="news:news.answers">
news.answers</A>
<LI><A HREF="news:sci.answers">
sci.answers</A>
</UL>
<P>
The first three newsgroups mentioned often contain discussions,
announcements, or information on microcontrollers. Check them out from
time to time.
</P>
<P>
Later on, by posting to the *.answers newsgroups, the FAQ will perhaps
be archived automatically. The archive name of this FAQ (also
included in the header) is supposed to be:
</P>
<PRE>
microcontroller-faq/ST6.
</PRE>
<H4>
#1.4) Where is this FAQ archived? (LS+970730)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_4">
<P>
Daniel Pfarrer generously and non-bureautcratically gave an
<STRONG>USAmerican</STRONG> home to ST6FAQ; you may obtain the latest issue
</P>
<UL>
<LI>via www:
<BR><A HREF="http://www.gsp.com/st6/st6faq.txt">
http://www.gsp.com/st6/st6faq.txt</A>
<LI>via anonymous ftp:
<BR><A HREF="ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/st6faq.zip</A>
<LI>via e-mail:
<PRE>
... if you have no access to WWW then make use of "webmail"
by sending e-mail to appropriate server:
Address Syntax Comments
(in body)
----------------------- ---------- -------------------------
agora@dna.affrc.go.jp SEND <URL> New Agora server in Japan
agora@kamakura.mss.co.jp SEND <URL> Another Agora in Japan
agora@info.lanic.utexas.edu SEND <URL> Agora in USA
agora@mx.nsu.nsk.su SEND <URL> Agora for Russian users ONLY
webmail@www.ucc.ie GO <URL> Webmail server in Ireland
w3mail@gmd.de GET <URL> W3Mail in Germany
in BODY:
GET http://www.gsp.com/st6/st6faq.txt
Even more simple:
Instead of using "webmail" to get a ascii copy of ST6FAQ
you can send a blank message to GSP's file-on-demand server:
"st6faq@gsp.com"
and the request will be processed and sent.
The entire content of both the subject line and the message
(body) does not matter.
This way there is no list of commands that anyone has to enter.
... if you have no chance to perform ftp,
you may use a "ftpmail" server:
Address Syntax Comments
---------------------------- -------- ---------------------------
ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com in USA (?)
ftpmail@ieunet.ie in Ireland
ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de in Germany
bitftp@vm.gmd.de see BODY in Germany
in BODY:
ftp ftp.gsp.com
user anonymous [guest]
cd /pub/st6/
mode ascii
get 0index.txt
...
mode binary
get st6faq.zip
...
quit
</PRE>
</UL>
<P>
At this site there are also contributions of st6-users
too voluminous to be put into the kernal ST6FAQ (see #4.2).
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Dr Phillip Musumeci, Dept. of Computer Systems Engineering
at RMIT, Melbourne, makes life in <STRONG>Australia</STRONG> a bit more easy:
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6</A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6</A>
</UL>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Massimo Gais, FTP Administrator of
C.D.S. - University "Federico II" of Naples
(hopefully still) cares for domicile of ST6FAQ in <STRONG>Italy</STRONG>:
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6</A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.txt">
http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.txt</A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.zip</A>
</UL>
<P>
you may try also:
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.TXT">
http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.TXT</A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.ZIP">
ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.ZIP</A>
</UL>
<P>
It seems that at this site ST6FAQ is not always quite up-to-date ...
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
The Home Page of the ST6FAQ in <STRONG>Germany</STRONG> is accessible
</P>
<UL>
<LI>via WWW:
<BR><A HREF="http://computer.freepage.de/lskade/ue/ST6/st6.htm">
http://computer.freepage.de/lskade/ue/ST6/st6.htm</A>
</UL>
<P>
At this site there are also contributions of st6-users
too voluminous to be put into the kernal ST6FAQ (see #4.2).
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
The Home Page of the ST6FAQ in <STRONG>Finland</STRONG> is accessible
</P>
<UL>
<LI>via WWW:
<BR><A HREF="http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/faq/st6faq.txt">
http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/faq/st6faq.txt</A>
</UL>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Access via anonymous FTP will be provided either via
</P>
<UL>
<A HREF="ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/texts/st6faq.txt">
ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/texts/st6faq.txt</A>
<A HREF="ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/files/st6faq.zip">
ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/files/st6faq.zip</A>
</UL>
<P>
whereas - if you are limitted to e-mail services - you could try
</P>
<PRE>
>> Mailer address: binky@picard.tec.mn.us
>> Mailer Subject: send st6faq.tyt
rsp.
send st6faq.txt
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
The archive sites mentioned before (and eventually others we don't know of)
should carry an issue of ST6FAQ not older than a month, approximately.
Even if ST6FAQ doesn't advance very fast: if you detect an "ancient"
version somewhere, please contact the maintainer of the site (not the
poor maintainers of the ST6FAQ, please!) and ask her/him to update.
You could also tell her/him (how) to contact the maintainers of the ST6FAQ
for enrollment into the update mailing list.
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
We also can imagine that once in a while (if constellation of
stars and planets will offer favourable opportunities) one may find
ST6FAQ also there:
</P>
<PRE>
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : <plus all mirror sites>
/pub/usenet/comp.answers/microcontroller-faq/ST6
/pub/usenet/sci.answers/microcontroller-faq/ST6
/pub/usenet/news.answers/microcontroller-faq/ST6
</PRE>
<P>
Until now we did not receive any positive response from the
*.answers-peoples in charge, even if we tried several times. :-(
</P>
<P><STRONG>
If somebody is talented in net-talking with an angel's tongue,
PLEASE try ...
</STRONG></P>
<H4>
#1.5) May I distribute this FAQ or post it somewhere else? (LS*)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_5">
<P>
We are putting no restrictions on the use of this FAQ except - It must
be distributed in its entirely with the copyright notice, and no
financial gain may be realized from it. After all, we have spent, and
continue to spend, a lot of time on this, and the only thing that we
intend to gain from it is more information on the ST6, and getting
to know fellow ST6 groupies better.
</P>
<P><STRONG>
REMEMBER !</STRONG> If you choose to upload this FAQ to any BBS or ftp site,
then *YOU* are responsible for updating it regularly.
</P>
<H4>
#1.6) Other FAQS of possible Interest (LS*)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_6">
<P>
Other Microcontroller FAQs
</P>
<PRE>
Subject: Microcontroller primer and FAQ
Newsgroups: comp.sys.intel
comp.realtime
comp.robotics
sci.electronics
alt.comp.hardware.homebuilt
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : <plus all mirror sites>
/pub/usenet/comp.answers/microcontroller-faq/primer
/pub/usenet/sci.answers/microcontroller-faq/primer
/pub/usenet/news.answers/microcontroller-faq/primer
Maintainer: Russ Hersch
Email: sibit@datasrv.co.il
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: 68hc11 microcontrollers
Newsgroups: comp.realtime
comp.robotics
sci.electronics
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : <plus all mirror sites>
/pub/usenet/comp.answers/microcontroller-faq/68hc11
/pub/usenet/sci.answers/microcontroller-faq/68hc11
/pub/usenet/news.answers/microcontroller-faq/68hc11
Maintainer: Russ Hersch
Email: sibit@datasrv.co.il
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: 8051 microcontrollers
Newsgroups: comp.sys.intel
comp.realtime
comp.robotics
comp.lang.forth
sci.electronics
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : <plus all mirror sites>
/pub/usenet/comp.answers/microcontroller-faq/8051
/pub/usenet/sci.answers/microcontroller-faq/8051
/pub/usenet/news.answers/microcontroller-faq/8051
Maintainer: Russ Hersch
Email: sibit@datasrv.co.il
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: COP8 microcontrollers
Newsgroups: comp.realtime
comp.robotics
sci.electronics
comp.arch.embedded
Maintainer: Robin Getz
rgetz@esd.nsc.com
rgetz@lcc1.nsc.com
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: PIC microcontrollers
Newsgroups: comp.realtime
comp.robotics
sci.electronics
Maintainer: Tom Kellett
Tom@takdsign.demon.co.uk
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Additional FAQs of interest
</P>
<PRE>
Subject: Robotics
Newsgroups: comp.robotics
Maintainer: Kevin Dowling
Email: nivek@ri.cmu.edu
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: Electronics
Newsgroups: sci.electronics
Maintainer: Filip Gieszczykiewicz
Email: filip@smi.med.pitt.edu
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: Real-time
Newsgroups: comp.realtime, comp.answers, news.answers
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : pub/usenet/comp.realtime
Maintainer: Mark Linimon
Email: linimon@nominil.lonesome.com
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: Neural Networks
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets,comp.answers,news.answers
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : pub/usenet/neural-net-faq
URL: http://wwwipd.ira.uka.de/~prechelt/FAQ/neural-net-faq.html
Maintainer: Lutz Prechelt
Email: prechelt@ira.uka.de
</PRE>
<P>
<PRE>
Subject: Fuzzy Logic
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy,comp.answers,news.answers
Archive: rtfm.mit.edu : pub/usenet/fuzzy-logic/
URL: http://www.cs.cmu.edu:8001/Web/Groups/AI/html/faqs
/ai/fuzzy/part1/faq.html (should be one line)
Maintainer: Mark Kantrowitz
Email: mkant+@cs.cmu.edu
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
For more information on various microcontrollers and their features,
refer to the Microcontroller primer and FAQ listed above. URL:
</P>
<PRE>
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.answers/microcontroller-faq/primer
</PRE>
<P>
If anyone wishes to start a FAQ on another microcontroller, please
feel free to copy the format of this FAQ (we did to some degree).
With a common/similar format, we will all benefit when trying to find
information on a particular microcontroller. If anyone has any comments
on the format itself, we are open for suggestions.
</P>
In that case we do recommend to read ...
<UL>
<LI> .. in English:
<PRE>
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/news.answers/faqs/about-faqs
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/news.answers/faqs/mininmal-digest-format
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/news.answers/news-answers/introduction
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/news.answers/news-answers/guidelines
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/news.answers/usenet/writing-style/part1
ftp://ftp.coast.net/SimTel/msdos/educatin/capskil2.zip
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-groups/comp.answers/law/Copyright-FAQ
</PRE>
(try at the nearest/local mirror first)
<LI> .. in German:
<PRE>
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/de-answers/richtlinien
</PRE>
.. also:
<PRE>
de.newusers/headerzeilen
</PRE>
</UL>
If you want to offer a WWW-page, read
<PRE>
ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/ncsapubs/WWW/HTMLPrimer.ps.Z
</PRE>
<H4>
#1.9) DOs and DO-NOTs
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_1_9">
<P>
If you have any QUESTIONS concerning ST6xxx and/or this FAQ,please
</P>
<UL>
<LI>DO NOT ask the maintainer(s) of this FAQ,
<LI>DO read this FAQ in its entirety,
<LI>DO use the other sources of information given here
<BR>or somewhere else,
<LI>DO post your question(s) to the approriate USENET NewsGroup,
<LI>DO ask one of the "experts"
<BR>mentioned in chapter "Help available" of this FAQ,
<LI>DO collect and summarize the answers you receive,
<BR>if you think they are of general interest,
<LI>DO nicely edit the summary and send it to the maintainer
<BR>pointed to in Table-of-Contents/overview's status column,
</UL>
<P>
in that order.
</P>
<P>
If you have any SUGGESTIONS/CORRECTIONS/CONTRIBUTIONS for this FAQ
</P>
<UL>
<LI>DO have a look at the T-o-C/overview and find out
<BR>which of the co-maintainers would most likely care for your idea,
<LI>DO eMail to her/him and tell in ADVANCE about your arcticle
<BR>to prevent double work.
</UL>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###2) ABOUT THE ST6-FAMILY OF MICROCONTROLLERS (JvK?)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2">
<H4>
#2.1) The ST6xxx Microcontrollers (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_1">
<UL>
<LI>ST62 subfamilies are:
<PRE>
ST620X : Smallest general purpose with A/D convertor
ST621X : Very small general purpose with A/D convertor
ST622X : Small general purpose with AD converter
ST624X : LCD driver
ST626X : Small general purpose with AD converter, PWM and EEPROM
ST628X : Dot matrix driver
</PRE>
<LI>ST63xx family is used for TV applications.
<LI>ST62xx and ST63xx families have the same, small instruction set.
</UL>
<H4>
#2.2) Common / New ST6 variants (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_2">
<P>
Common feature of ST62 devices is the (said) high noise immunity.
It enables the designer to design an application without spending much
time on adjusting capacitors, shieldings, ground ... See Application note
AN435 in the ST62 General Purpose Application Manual for more detail
on this point.
<P>
Here is some info concerning ST620* new products.
<P>
In fact, these chips are aimed at high volume low end applications.
They are subsets of ST6225 device and available in ROM and
OTP version.
<PRE>
Device rom size number of pins Misc
------ -------- -------------- ----
ST6200 1Kb 16 ADC present
ST6201 2Kb 16 ADC present
ST6203 1Kb 16 no ADC
------ -------- -------------- ----
ST6208 1Kb 20 no ADC
ST6209 1Kb 20 ADC present
ST6210 2Kb 20 ADC present
</PRE>
<P>
The St6253 is another subset but of st6265,
but with 2Kb rom instead of 4Kb, no spi, no eeprom.
<P>
Their main advantage is their price compared to other st62xx devices.
<H4>
#2.3) Technical Details (speed, power, EMI, instruction set) (STM?)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_3">
<P>
[ to be added ]
<H4>
#2.5) Device List (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_5">
<P>
The devices differ in on-chip resources and in pin-out,
as this NEW list shows:
<PRE>
DEVICE Program RAM EEPROM A/D W/D Timers Serial I/O
Memory x8 x8 inputs Timer Interface
---------------------------------------------------------------------
ST6200C 1K 64 - 4x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 9
ST6201C 2K 64 - 4x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 9
ST6203C 1K 64 - - Yes 1x8-Bit - 9
ST6208C 1K 64 - - Yes 1x8-Bit - 12
ST6209C 1K 64 - 4x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 12
ST6210C 2K 64 - 8x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 12
ST6215C 2K 64 - 16x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 20
ST6220C 4K 64 - 8x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 12
ST6225C 4K 64 - 16x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 20
ST6230B 8K 192 128 16x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI
1x16-BitAR UART 20
ST6232B 8K 192 128 21x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 30
1x16-BitAR UART
ST6235B 8K 192 128 24x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 36
1x16-BitAR UART
ST6240B 8K 216 128 12x8-Bit Yes 2x8-Bit SPI 24
ST6242B 8K 216 128 6x8-Bit Yes 2x8-Bit SPI 18
ST6245B 4K 140 128 7x8-Bit Yes 2x8-Bit SPI 19
ST6246B 4K 140 128 8x8-Bit Yes 2x8-Bit SPI 20
ST6252B 2K 128 - 4x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 9
1x8-BitAR
ST6253B 2K 128 - 7x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 13
1x8-BitAR
ST6255B 4K 128 - 13x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 21
1x8-BitAR
ST6260B 4K 128 - 7x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 13
ST6262B 2K 128 64 4x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit - 9
ST6263B 2K 128 64 7x8-Bit Yes 1x8-BitAR - 13
ST6265B 4K 128 128 13x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 21
1x8-BitAR
ST6280B 8K 320 128 12x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 22
1x8-BitAR UART
ST6285B 8K 288 128 8x8-Bit Yes 1x8-Bit SPI 12
1x8-BitAR UART
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
This is a FORMER (incomplete) list, in case it serves your aims better:
<PRE>
TYPE ROM RAM LCD EEP I/O A/D LED LCD EXT TMR TMR TMR SPI : D: S: Q: R
RAM ROM DRV ITR WD 8b AR : I: O: F: E
ST- (k) : P: : P: M
6210 1.8 64 - - 12 8 4 - 13 1 1 - - : 20 20 --
6215 1.8 64 - - 20 16 4 - 21 1 1 - - : 28 28 --
6220 3.8 64 - - 12 8 4 - 13 1 1 - - : 20 20 --
6225 3.8 64 - - 20 16 4 - 21 1 1 - - : 28 28 --
6240 8 192 24 128 16 12 4 4x45 17 1 2 - 1 : - - 80
6242 8 128 24 - 10 6 4 4x40 11 1 1 - 1 : - - 64
6245 3.8 128 12 64 11 7 4 4x24 11 1 2 - 1 : - - 52
6260 3.8 128 - 128 13 7 6 - 14 1 1 - - : 20 20 --
6265 3.8 128 - 128 21 13 8 - 22 1 1 - - : 28 28 --
6280 8 192 128 128 22 12 10 16x48 23 1 1 1 1 : - - 100
6285 8 192 96 - 12 8 4 16x40 13 1 1 - 1 : - - 100
</PRE>
<H4>
#2.6) Corresponding ROM/OTP/EPROM Versions (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_6">
<PRE>
ROM EPROM OTP FASTROM
--------------------------------------------
ST6200C |ST62E01CF1 | ST62T00C | ST62P00C
ST6201C | | ST62T01C | ST62P01C
---------| | -----------|
ST6203C | | ST62T03C |
----------------------------------|
ST6208C |ST62E20CF1 | ST62T08C | ST62P08C
ST6209C | | ST62T09C | ST62P09C
ST6210C | | ST62T10C | ST62P10C
---------------------------------------------
ST6215C |ST622E25CF1| ST62T15C | ST62P15C
---------------------------------------------
ST6220C |ST62E20CF1 | ST62T20C | ST62P20C
---------------------------------------------
ST6225C |ST62E25CF1 | ST62T25C | ST62P25C
---------------------------------------------
ST6218C | ST62E18CF1| ST62T18C | ST62P18C
---------------------------------------------
ST6228C | ST62E28CF1| ST62T28C | ST62P28C
---------------------------------------------
ST6230B | ST62E30BF1| ST62T30B | ST62P30B
---------------------------------------------
ST6232B | ST62E32BF1| ST62T32B | ST62P32B
---------------------------------------------
ST6235B | ST62E35BG | ST62T35BQ6 | ST62P35B
---------------------------------------------
ST6240B | ST62E40BG | ST62T40BQ | ST62P40BQ
---------------------------------------------
ST6242B | ST62E42BG | ST62T42BQ6 | ST62P42BQ
---------------------------------------------
ST6245B | ST62E45BG | ST62T45BQ6 | ST62P45BQ
---------------------------------------------
ST6246B | ST62E46BF1| ST62T46BB6 | ST62P46BB
---------------------------------------------
ST6252B | ST62E62BF1| ST62T52B | ST62P52B
---------------------------------------------
ST6253B | ST62E60BF1| ST62T53B | ST62P53B
---------------------------------------------
ST6255B | ST62E65BF1| ST62T55B | ST62P55B
---------------------------------------------
ST6260B | ST62E60BF1| ST62T60B | ST62P60B
---------------------------------------------
ST6262B | ST62E62BF1| ST62T62B | ST62P60B
---------------------------------------------
ST6263B | ST62E60BF1| ST62T63B | ST62P63B
---------------------------------------------
ST6265B | ST62E65BF1| ST62T65B | ST62P65B
---------------------------------------------
ST6280B | ST62E80BQ | ST62T80BQ6 | ST62P80Q
---------------------------------------------
ST6285B | ST62T85BQ6| ST62T85BQ6 | ST62P85Q
---------------------------------------------
</PRE>
<P>
NOTE:
<P>
<EM>
Read data books to find out what you have to keep in mind if
you are switching from a device to the corresponding one.
</EM>
<P>
MINIMUM ORDER QUANTITIES:
<PRE>
ROM Dev. Units/Year/Code min. FASTROM Dev.
-------- -------------------- -----------
ST620X 100K 5 K
ST621X 100K 5 K
ST624X ~50K 5 K
ST626X ~50K 5 K
</PRE>
<BR><B>FASTROM</B>
<P>
Taking full advantage of its company's leading know-how in the
non volatile memory area, SGS-Thomson has developed a new production
flow making it possible to customize the microcontrollers in the
assembly plant using prediffused wafers, instead of making it during
making it during diffusion process as for ROM devices.
<BR><B>FASTROM in Practice</B>
<PRE>
> Code devices with low minimum order qty.
(5 KU minimum per Shipment)
> Handled like ROM devices
> 4 weeks leadtime max ARO
</PRE>
<H4>
#2.7) Upgrade Path
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_7">
<P>
[ to be added ]
<H4>
#2.8) Representatives / (approximate Prices) (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_8">
<P>
SGS-THOMSON is widely distributed, especially in Europe.
<P>
Main distributors are:
<PRE>
ARROW group : Benelux : Spoerle
France : Arrow - Multicomposants
Germany : Spoerle - Sasco
Italy : Silverstar - Intesi - LASI
Scandinavia : Arrow
Spain : ATD
Switzerland : Spoerle
UK : Arrow Jermyn - Arrow MMD - ES
AVNET group: Avnet UK - Nordic - Italy - France -
(Germany + Setron)
SEI group France : Sonepar
Germany : Jermyn - Elbatex(Austria + Switzerland)
Italy : Sonelco
Spain : ADM
Benelux : Rodelco
EURODIS Benelux : Eurodis TEXIM
Italy : Fanton
UK : HB
France : Eurodis, TCdis
Germany : Enatechnik, Eurodis
</PRE>
<P>
This is an address/phone list of distributors of SGS-THOMSON in Europe:
<PRE>
SEI-ELBATEX Eitnergasse 6
A-1232 Wien
Austria
Tel (43) 1 866420
Fax (43) 1 86642 201
EURODIS Lamezanstrasse 10
A-1232 Wien
Austria
Tel (43) 1 61062100
Fax (43) 1 61062151
EURODIS TEXIM Avenue des Croix de Guerre 116
B-1120 Brussels
Belgium
Tel (32) 22474969
Fax (32) 22158102
ARROW-EXATE Mileparken 20E
DK--2740 Skovlunde
Denmark
Tel (45) 44.927000
Fax (45) 44.926020
FES Smedeholm 13A
DK-2730 Herlev
Denmark
Tel (45) 44.85.75.00
Fax (45) 44.85.75.30
ARROW-FIELD Niittylantie 5
FIN-00620 Helsinki
Finland
Tel (358)9777571
Fax (358)9798853
FES PO Box 25, Tyopajakatu 5
FIN-00581 Helsinki
Finland
Tel (358) 9.476660
Fax (358) 9.47666329
JHE Ved Klaedebo 18
DK - 2970 Horsholm
Tel (45) 70.10.22.11
Fax (45) 45.16.61.99
JHE Malminkaari 23C
FIN- 00700 Helsinki
Tel (358) 935 16 15 21
Fax (358) 935 16 15 22
JHE N - 5578 Nedre Vats
Tel (47)5.376.30.00
Fax (47)5.375.53.39
ARROW-TH:S Arrendevagen 36
S - 16303 Spanga
Tel (46)8.36.29.70
Fax (46)8.761.30.65
AVNET EMG 79, rue Pierre Semard
92320 CHATILLON
France
Tel (33) 1.49.65.25.00
Fax (33) 1.49.65.26.49
DIMACEL 65, rue Jean Jaures
95871 BEZONS CEDEX
France
Tel (33) 1.34.23.70.00
Fax (33) 1.30.76.31.97
SONEPAR 6/8, rue Ambroise Croizat
91127 PALAISEAU CEDEX
France
Tel (33) 1.64.47.29.29
Fax (33) 1.64.47.00.84
TCDIS 30, avenue de L'Epi d'Or
94807 VILLEJUIF CEDEX
France
Tel (33) 1.41.80.35.80
Fax (33) 1.49.78.07.11
TEKELEC Cite des Bruyeres
Rue Carle Vernet - BP 2
92315 SEVRES CEDEX
France
Tel (33) 1.46.23.24.25
Fax (33) 1.45.07.21.91
SEI-JERMYN Kapellenstrasse 15
D-6555 Limburg
Germany
Tel (49) 6431 5080
Fax (49) 6431 508289
MSC/STUTENSEE Industriestrasse 16
D-76297 Stutensee
Germany
Tel (49) 7249 99.10.0
Fax (49) 7249 7993
RSC Industriestrasse 2
D-75228 Ispringen
Germany
Tel (49) 7231 8010
Fax (49) 7231 82282
ARROW SASCO Hermann-Oberth-Strasse 16
D-85640 Putzbrunn
Germany
Tel (49) 89 4611-0
Fax (49) 89 4611-2710
AVNET SETRON Friedrich-Seele Strasse 3a
D-3300 Braunschweig
Germany
Tel (49) 531 80980
Fax (49) 531 809-8789
ARROW SPOERLE Max-Planck Strasse 1-3
D-63303 Dreieich
Germany
Tel (49) 6103 3048
Fax (49) 6103 304455
WEISBAUER Heiliger Weg 1
D-44135 Dortmund
Germany
Tel (49) 231 579547
Fax (49) 231 577514
ABACUS POLAR Bone Lane
RG14 5SF Newbury
Great Britain
Tel (44) 1635 36.222
Fax (44) 1635 38.670
ARROW/JERMYN Cambridge Road
MK42 OLF Bedford/Bedfordshire
Great Britain
Tel (44) 1234 270027
Fax (44) 1234 210674
ARROW/MMD 3 Bennet Court
Bennet Road
Reading/Berkshire
RG2 OQX Berkshire
Great Britain
Tel (44) 11.89.63.37.00
Fax (44) 63.38.99.11.89
AVNET EMG Jubilee Road
SG61QH Letchworth/Hertfordshire
Great Britain
Tel (44) 1462 48.08.88
Fax (44) 1462 48.85.67
MACRO GROUP Burnham Lane
Slough/Berkshire
BG - SL1 6LN
Tel (44) 1628.60.60.00
Fax (44) 1628.60.68.00
RS COMP. P.O. Box 99
Corby/Northants
GB - NN17 9RS
Tel (44) 15.36.20.12.34
Fax (44) 15.36.40.56.78
FEC Canal Road
LS 12 2TU Leeds/W. Yorkshire
Great Britain
Tel (44) 11.3263.63.11
Fax (44) 11.32.63.34.11
EURODIS HB ELECTRONICS Ltd
Lever Street
Bolton/Lacashire BL3 6BJ
Great Britain
Tel (44) 1204 555000
Fax (44) 1204 384911
ABACUS POLAR Cherrycourt Way
LU7 8YY Leighton Buzzard/Bedfordshire
Great Britain
Tel (44) 1525 85.80.00
Fax (44) 1525 85.80.01
EURODIS FANTON Via. Melegnanoz 2
20019 Settimo Milanese
Italy
Tel (39) 248.9471.
Fax (39) 245.97.913
FARNELL V.le Milanofiori, Palazzo E/5
20090 Assago (MI)
Italy
Tel (39)2.66.12.51
Fax.(39)
ARROW-SILVERSTAR V.le F. Testi, 280
20126 Milano
Italy
Tel (39)2 66.12.51
Fax (39)2 66.10.13.59
SEI-SONELCO Via Monfalcone, 15
20092 Cinisello Balsamo (MI)
Italy
Tel (39)2 66.02.61
Fax (39)2 66.01.12.59
KONING & HARTM Energieweg 1
NL-2627 AP Delft
Nederland
Tel (31) 15 26.09.906
Fax (31) 15 26.19.194
SPOERLE De Run 1120
NL-5503 Veldhoven
Nederland
Tel (31) 40.25.45.430
Fax (31) 40.25.35.540
EURODIS TEXIM Nijverheidsstraat 16
NL-7482 GZ Haaksbergen
Nederland
Tel (31) 53.37.33.333
Fax (31) 53.57.33.888
ARROW-TAHONIC Postboks 4554 / Torshov
N-0404 Oslo
Norway
Tel (47)22.378440
Fax (47)22.370720
FES Karihaugveien 89
N-1001 Oslo 10
Norway
Tel (45) 22.32.12.70
Fax (45) 22.32.51.20
SEI-ADM Tomas Breton 50, 3-2
E-28045 Madrid
Spain
Tel (34) 1-5304121
Fax (34) 1-5300164
UNITRONICS Plaza Espana 18
E-28008 Madrid
Spain
Tel (34) 1-54.25.204
Fax (34) 1-54.84.228
VENCO Carretera Del Mig 75
E-08907 L'Hospitalet de Liobregat
Barcelona
Spain
Tel (34) 3-26.33.354
Fax (34) 3-26.33.323
FARNELL Box 1330 Ankdammsg. 32
S-17126 Solna
Sweden
Tel (46) 8.88.380.85
Fax (46) 8.82.709.08
ARROW-TH'S Box 3027, Arrendevagen 36
S-16303 Spanga
Sweden
Tel (46) 8.36.29.70
Fax (46) 8.76.13.065
BASIX Hardturmstrasse 181
CH-8010 Zurich
Switzerland
Tel (41) 1.276.11.11
Fax (41) 1 27.61.234
SEI-ELBATEX Hardstr.72
CH-5430 Wettingen
Switzerland
Tel (41) 56 437.51.11
Fax (41) 56 437.55.32
ARROW-SPOERLE Cherstr.4
CH-8152 Opfikon-Glattbrugg
Switzerland
Tel (41) 1.874.62.62
Fax (41) 1.874.62.00
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
This is an address/phone list of distributors of SGS-THOMSON in Oceania:
<PRE>
ARROW Arrow Components (NZ) LTD,
P.O. Box 31186,
Lower Hutt.
New Zealand
Phone +64 4 570 2260
FAX +64 4 566 2111
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
In addition, SGS-THOMSON sales office are located in all European
countries. Find below the locations of the area headquarters:
<PRE>
Denmark (Herlev) : (45.44) 94.85.33
France (Gentilly) : (16 1) 47.40.75.75
Finland (Lohja) : (358) 12.3155.11
Germany (Grasbrunn) : (49.89) 46.00.60
Italy (Assago) : (39.2) 57.54.61
Netherlands (Eindhoven) : (31.40) 250.96.00
Spain (Barcelona) : (34.3) 42.51.800
Sweden (Kista) : (46.8) 79.36.920
Switz (Gd Saconnex): (41.22) 92.92.929
UK (Marlow) : (44.1628) 89.08.00
</PRE>
<P>
For USA, SGS-THOMSON headquarter is:
<PRE>
Lincoln (MA) : (617) 259.03.00
</PRE>
<P>
For Asia, Headquarter is:
<PRE>
Singapore : (65) 48.21.411
</PRE>
<H4>
#2.9) Advantages realized in implementing Control Applications on
this Family of Microcontrollers (EC!)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_2_9">
<P>
The following contribution is by David Giles from EURODIS HB
ELECTRONICS Ltd Bolton, UK (SGS-THOMSON Device Distributor):
<P>
Someone once said "Most micros can do most jobs.", and for many
application this is certainly true. However, the ST6 has many
attributes that made it ideally suited to many embedded control
applications. Detailed below are some of them.
<P>
The ST6 micro has one of the most versatile I/O structure for a
low end 8 bit micro that is currently on the market. Each I/O
bit can be configured for either input mode, or output mode.
The ports can be configured to have one of the following modes:
<PRE>
i) Input Mode, No Pull Up Resistor & No Interrupts
ii) Input Mode, With Pull Up Resistors & No Interrupts
iii) Input Mode, With Pull Up resistors & With Interrupts
iv) Analogue A/D Input (8 Bit Resolution)
v) Output Mode, Open Collector (Some Pins 20mA sink)
vi) Output Mode, Push Pull (Some Pins 20mA sink)
</PRE>
<P>
For those pins which are configured with interrupts, it is possible
to set a global edge selection bit which determines whether the
interrupt is a rising edge or falling edge sensitive.
The clear advantage of using a micro with this I/O flexibility
is to reduce the number of external components required to complete
the design, and hence the material and manufacturing costs. This is
particularly important in markets such as White & Brown Goods,
Automotive, and also in market segment with a high degree of
competitiveness such as Security.
<P>
<B> - High Noise Immunity - </B>
<P>
The ST6 has been designed to work in electrically noisy environments
such as automobiles and industrial premises. As such it offers a high
degree of noise immunity and high levels of device integrity. It can
for example directly drive triacs in mains lighting applications
without the need to electrically isolate the micro from the triac
or the mains. Each I/O pin when configured for input mode has a
Schmitt Trigger input to help with noise rejection.
Each device pin has two antistatic protection diodes to prevent
device damage. These diode also prevent the device from latching
up should an overvoltage/ undervoltage condition appear on an I/O pin.
The I/O pins when configured for push-pull operation will change state
as required from one state to another, but at a controlled rate. As a
consequence the transition slope is slewed very slightly to prevent
unwanted oscillation, and also to reduce EMC radiation.
All ST6 family members have a watchdog timer on board. This timer can
be used to detect a software upset and to force the device into a
controlled recovery. The micro can observe the watchdog timer register
value and can effectively determine whether device integrity has been
lost. Most micros have watchdog timers but not all of them allow you
to inspect its value.
<P>
<B> - Data ROM Window - </B>
<P>
The ST6 has a data ROM window which is a hardware mechanism that allows
the indexing and hence examination of the program memory by software.
Tables of data, both large and small can for example be stored in the
program memory and accessed by the software. The whole of the program
memory can be accessed via the Data ROM Window and hence the software
can self check itself on power up to determine whether there has been
corruption of the EPROM/ROM memory. This is a statuary requirement in
many countries for applications such as fire detection. Not all micros
are capable of doing this, the Microchip PIC16Cxx family for example
is one.
<P>
<B> - High Code Packing Density - </B>
<P>
The ST6 microcontroller architecture is common throughout the family
of devices. The program memory is segmented into blocks of 2k bytes.
The larger family members, 8k for example, use a page banking mechanism
with a static 2k page being used as a jumping off point to the other 3
pages of code. The main advantage of this type of memory organisation
is the number of digital bits that are required to describe an absolute
address. An absolute address therefore requires only 12 digital bits
of information. A jump to an absolute address therefor only requires
12 bits to describe the address and hence the op code and data can be
described within a two byte word. Hence CALL and JP instructions only
consume 2 bytes or 16 bits of program memory.
The reduced instruction set common to the ST6 family members also
favours good code packing density. Because there are fewer op codes
you need fewer bits to describe the instruction. There are only 4
instructions on the ST6 that are 3 byte instructions, all the others
are either 1 or 2 bytes. This means the ST6 instruction set is efficient
in memory usage.
<P>
<B> - Established World Wide Customer Base - </B>
<P>
The ST6 micro controller business world wide is worth between $200 &
$300 million currently with sales expanding at a phenomenal rate. As
such the prospects for the device in the future are very good. SGS
Thomson have several new family members on the drawing board and will
be launching these new devices before very long.
The design is therefore mature and has been proven in the market place.
Most devices are supported with low cost development tools and as such
the entry costs to the architecture are extremely low.
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###3) SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON THE ST6 (JvK?EC?)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3">
<H4>
#3.1) Useful Addresses (eMail / SnailMail) (LS+970205)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_1">
<P>
This ST6FAQ document will be available by an email autoresponder and
can be retrieved by sending an email message to:
</P>
<A HREF="mailto:binky@picard.tec.mn.us">
Tyler B. Atins </A>
<PRE>
at binky@picard.tec.mn.us
</PRE>
with eithet one of these phrases:
<PRE>
send st6faq.uue
send st6faq.txt
</PRE>
on the subject line of the email.
All lower case and leave the body (message area) blank.
<H4>
#3.2) FTP Sites (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_2">
Sites archiving this FAQ and contributions:
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/st6faq.zip for ST6-FAQ (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/0index.txt">
ftp://ftp.gsp.com/pub/st6/0index.txt for Overview (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.psyber.com/tcj/faqs/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.psyber.com/tcj/faqs/st6faq.zip (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/di/dibald/FAQS/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.netcom.com/pub/di/dibald/FAQS/st6faq.zip (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
ftp://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6 (AU) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.zip">
ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.zip (IT) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.ZIP">
ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/ST6FAQ.ZIP (IT) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/ST6/">
ftp://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/ST6/ (IT) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/texts/st6faq.txt">
ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/texts/st6faq.txt (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/files/st6faq.zip">
ftp://picard.tec.mn.us/pub/binky/files/st6faq.zip (USA) </A>
</UL>
<PRE>
*****THIS SITE DOES NOT EXIST ANYMORE: ****
ftp://ftp.bri.st.com/pub/micro8/ftools/st62_fs.htm
</PRE>
<H4>
#3.3) BBSs (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_3">
<PRE>
EUROPE:
SGS-THOMSON BBS - Microcontroller Support (France);
(+33) 42 29 14 16 - 9600 baud (V32) and lower,8,n,1;
USA:
SGS-THOMSON USA BBS - 1 (708) 517-1898 - (V22) 2400 baud 8,N,1
</PRE>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_4">
<H4>
#3.4) WWW (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_4">
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com">
SGS-THOMSON Web Page at http://www.st.com</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/index.htm">
Product Support</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st62.htm">
.. for ST62</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st63.htm">
.. for ST63</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/books/index.htm">
Technical Literature</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/books/pdf/301.pdf2">
.. for MICROS, MICROPERIPHERALS & DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (PDF)</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<LI>These are homes of archived ST6-FAQ and ST6-related contributions:
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.gsp.com/st6/">
http://www.gsp.com/st6/ (USA) </A>
<LI><A HREF="http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6">
http://pm.cse.rmit.edu.au/~ftp/pub/uP/Microcontroller-faq.ST6 (AU) </A>
<LI><A HREF="http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.txt">
http://ftp.unina.it/pub/electronics/FAQ/st6faq.txt (IT) </A>
<LI><A HREF="http://computer.freepage.de/lskade/ue/ST6/st6.htm">
http://computer.freepage.de/lskade/ue/ST6/st6.htm (DE) </A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/faq/st6faq.txt">
http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/faq/st6faq.txt (FI) </A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.xs4all.nl/~ganswijk/chipdir/faq/st6.html2">
http://www.xs4all.nl/~ganswijk/chipdir/faq/st6.html2
was First HTML version of ST6-FAQ</A>
<UL>
<LI>
<A HREF="mailto:ganswijk@xs4all.nl">
Jaap van Ganswijk</A>
maintainer of this WWW-page also supports
<A HREF="http://LOCATION/chipdir/chip60.html">
"Chip Directory and Chip Manufacturers" URLs</A>
<BR>In this file
</UL>
it has:
<PRE>
6 ST6 mcu 8-Bit MCU* Family (ST*), See 6210, 6211,
6220, 6293, 6240
</PRE>
and
<PRE>
6210 ST6210 mcu 8-Bit MCU*
62101 ST6210BB1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62101 ST6210BM1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO20
62106 ST6210BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62106 ST6210BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO20
62106 ST62T10BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K OTP 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62106 ST62T10BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K OTP 64*8 RAM* PSO20
6211 ST6211 mcu 8-Bit MCU* (no longer supported)
62151 ST6215BB1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62151 ST6215BM1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO28
62156 ST6215BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62156 ST6215BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO28
62156 ST62T15BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K OTP 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62156 ST62T15BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 1.8K OTP 64*8 RAM* PSO28
6220 ST6220 mcu 8-Bit MCU*
62201 ST6220BB1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62201 ST6220BM1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO20
62201 ST62E20BF1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K EPROM* 64*8 RAM* CDIP20W
62206 ST6220BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62206 ST6220BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO20
62206 ST62T20BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K OTP 64*8 RAM* PDIP20
62206 ST62T20BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K OTP 64*8 RAM* PSO20
62251 ST6225BB1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62251 ST6225BM1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO28
62251 ST62E25BF1 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K EPROM* 64*8 RAM* CDIP28W
62256 ST6225BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62256 ST6225BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 3.8K ROM* 64*8 RAM* PSO28
62256 ST62T25BB6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K OTP 64*8 RAM* PDIP28
62256 ST62T25BM6 mcu 8-Bit CMOS* MCU*, 4K OTP 64*8 RAM* PSO28
6240 ST6240 mcu 8-Bit MCU*
62401 ST6240Q1 mcu MCU*, 8K ROM* 192*8 RAM* 128 EEPROM* PQFP80
62401 ST62E40G1 mcu MCU*, 8K EPROM* 192*8 RAM* 128 EEPROM* PQFP80
62406 ST6240Q6 mcu MCU*, 8K ROM* 192*8 RAM* 128 EEPROM* PQFP80
62406 ST62T40Q6 mcu MCU*, 8K OTP 192*8 RAM* 128 EEPROM* PQFP80
62421 ST6242Q1 mcu MCU*, 8K ROM* 128*8 RAM* No EEPROM* PQFP64
62421 ST62E42G1 mcu MCU*, 8K EPROM* 128*8 RAM* No EEPROM* PQFP64
62426 ST6242Q6 mcu MCU*, 8K ROM* 128*8 RAM* No EEPROM* PQFP64
6293 ST6293 mcu 8-Bit MCU* (does not exist )
ST62T1xBx6 is not yet supported; Use ST62T1xx6/xxx instead
Example: ST62T10BM6 does not exist; use ST62T10M6/HWD
or ST62T10M6/SWD instead)
Same for ST62T2xBx6
Same for ST62E2xBx1
</PRE>
The same information can also be found in the file
<PRE>
http://LOCATION/chipdir/func/mcu.html
</PRE>
except that the category code ('mcu') is then left out.
<BR> For LOCATION you should substitute one of the mirror-sites:
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.hitex.com/chipdir/">
North America (USA, California)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.civil.mtu.edu/chipdir/">
North America (USA, Michigan)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.leg.ufrj.br/chipdir/">
South America (Brasil)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.xs4all.nl/~ganswijk/chipdir/">
Europe (The Netherlands)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://bbs.cc.uniud.it/chipdir/">
Europe (Italy)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://ftp.unina.it/pub/chipdir/">
Europe (Italy, Naples)</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.vol.it/mirror/chipdir/">
Europe (Italy, Sardinie)</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.paranoia.com/~filipg/HTML/LINK/LINK_IN.html">
a mirror of FAQs</A>
<BR>maintained by <A HREF=mailto:filip@alpha.smi.med.pitt.edu">
Filip Gieszczykiewicz</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.cera.com/micro.htm">
Information on microcontrollers and microprocessors is available</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.eprat.com/DOCS/st6prog.htm">
Laurent Lellu wrote an article (in French)</A>
<BR>about a Programmer for ST62Exx (xx=10,15,20,25),
available at
<PRE>
http://www.eprat.com/DOCS/st6prog.htm
</PRE>
<LI>Vittorio Crapella wrote several articles (in Italian). e.g.
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://freeweb.aspide.it/freeweb/i2viu/st65.htm">
Schema Programmatore ST6260/65 (Italian)</A> at
<PRE>
http://freeweb.aspide.it/freeweb/i2viu/st65.htm
</PRE>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.logicom.it/personal/SONDRIO/fish.htm">
Aquarium control with a ST62T25</A> at
<PRE>
http://www.logicom.it/personal/SONDRIO/fish.htm
</PRE>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.logicom.it/personal/SONDRIO/index.htm">
CW for radio amateurs with a ST62T10</A> at
<PRE>
http://www.logicom.it/personal/SONDRIO/index.htm
</PRE>
</UL>
and he maintains more documents about ST6 (mostly in Italian):
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.novanet.it/com/personale/i2viu/index.html">
V.C. at NovaNet</A>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.logicom.it/personal/SONDRIO/">
V.C. at LogiCom</A>
<A HREF="http://members.xoom.com/Vittorio/">
V.C. at XOOM(Italian)</A>
<A HREF="http://freeweb.aspide.it/freeweb/i2viu/linkst6.htm">
ST62XX - Links at FreeWeb (Italian)</A>
</UL>
<LI>Alexander Zigouras contributed some software for ST6
<A HREF="http://users.otenet.gr/~technel/st6.htm">
and also maintains a WWW page</A> at
<PRE>
http://users.otenet.gr/~technel/st6.htm
</PRE>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Way/7521/st6.html">
Giuseppe Di Paolo maintains a page in Italian language</A> at
<PRE>
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Way/7521/st6.html
</PRE>
<LI>Stefan Ward takes care for a
<A HREF="http://www.dchip.com/products/mplc/mplc.htm">
Micro Programmable Logic Controller</A> at
<PRE>
http://www.dchip.com/products/mplc/mplc.htm
</PRE>
<LI>Maurizio ??? cares for his
<A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Bay/1256/">
Hobby Elettronica</A>
<PRE>
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Bay/1256/
</PRE>
<LI>Adriano cares for
<A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/siliconvalley/lab/9128/">
Hobby Elettronica 2 </A>
<PRE>
http://www.geocities.com/siliconvalley/lab/9128/
</PRE>
<LI>Andrea D'Alessandro cares for
<A HREF="http://space.tin.it/computer/andredal/">
this</A>
<PRE>
http://space.tin.it/computer/andredal/
</PRE>
<LI>and NDE for
<A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Way/1053/">
that</A>
<PRE>
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Way/1053/
</PRE>
<LI>while Paolo Tomasini cares for
<A HREF="http://www.aspide.it/freeweb/tompaolo">
this one</A>
<PRE>
http://www.aspide.it/freeweb/tompaolo
</PRE>
</UL>
<H4>
#3.5) Fax-On-Demand (????)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_5">
<P>
[ to be added ]
</P>
<H4>
#3.7) Mailing Lists (LS_990121)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_7">
<P>
If nothing else helps, there is a
<A HREF="http://www.egroups.com/list/st6-list/">mailing list</A>
for people interested/forced in development/designs based on ST6.
<P>
You may<A HREF="mailto:st6-list-subscribe@egroups.com">
subscribe to ST6-list</A>, and once your subscription is approved by
the moderator of the list, you may
<A HREF="mailto:st6-list@egroups.com">post directly to the list.</A>
If you are lucky, there will be a friendly soul responding to your question.
Vice versa you may share your knowledge about ST6 with others.
<P>
<H4>
#3.8) Discussion / Application Circles (EC?)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_8">
<P>
[ to be added ]
</P>
<H4>
#3.9) Help available! (EC?)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_3_9">
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano <caggiano@vm.csata.it>
profession: graduated electrical engineer
job: maintenance and security
hobby: electronics for remote controlled aircraft models
Dom Latter <dom@i-cubed.demon.co.uk>
Company: i-cubed ltd, Cambridge, UK
Description: Hardware and Software design consultancy,
Skills: experienced in design-in and programming of ST6
</PRE>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###4) FREE ST6 DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS (EC?JVK?)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4">
<H4>
#4.1) Development Tools (assemblers, compilers, simulators) (YH980508)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_1">
<P>
<A HREF="ftp://uni-stuttgart.de/pub/systems/msdos/programming/as/">
Alfred Arnold's Universal Cross-Assembler for DOS- and OS/2-platforms</A>
includes generation of ST62xx code; documentation is in German at
<PRE>
ftp://uni-stuttgart.de/pub/systems/msdos/programming/as/
ftp://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de
http://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de:8000/as
</PRE>
There are alternative sites accessible ...
<UL>
<A HREF="ftp://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de">
... via FTP</A>
<A HREF="http://john.ccac.rwth-aachen.de:8000/as">
... via HTTP</A>
</UL>
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Olaf Kaluza presented his ST6FORTH to the community:
</P>
<PRE>
Title ST6FORTH Forthcrosscompiler for ST6 Microcontroller
Version 0.1a
Desc1 First version of a Forth Crosscompiler for the
Desc2 ST6 Microcontroller from SGS
Desc3 Documentation at this time only in German, sorry.
Desc4
Author Olaf Kaluza
AuthorEmail olaf@criseis.ruhr.de
Maintainer Olaf Kaluza
MaintEmail olaf@criseis.ruhr.de
Site1 localhost.ruhr.de
Path1 /pub/olaf/st6forth
File1 st6forth.0.1a.tar.gz
FileSize1 100K
Site2 ?
Path2 ?
File2 ?
FileSize2 100K
Required1 SGS-Development-Kit-Assembler
CopyPolicy1 GPL
Keywords st6forth forth st6 microcontroller
Comment1 Actively supported by author via email
Comment2 Supported on Linux and DOS
Entered 27.10.95
EnteredBy Olaf Kaluza
CheckedEmail olaf@criseis.ruhr.de
</PRE>
<P>
Development is cancelled, but if you have any questions,
you still may contact Olaf Koluza.
</P>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Here is an ANNOUNCEMENT to first release of the C-compiler
for the STM ST62 family of microcontrollers.
</P>
<P>
It's in the testing phase now...Any questions please to the
e-mail address: ddejan@open.hr
</P>
<PRE>
"DILOGIC"
c/o Dejan Durdenic
Bozidareviceva 13
10000 Zagreb
CROATIA
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
Free Software for ST62 Development Tools from SGS-Thomson
</P>
<P>
Technical information is available on CD-ROM and
on Internet in the form of "Web" pages:
</P>
<P>
- The CD-ROM is split into two main parts consisting of a "Book Shop"
area and a "Development Tools" area with a third area containing
viewer software to allow browsing through the contents of the CD-ROM.
</P>
<P>
The development tools section contains ten fully released software
tools plus a couple of programs which are offered as beta versions-
that is they are not fully fledged programs but are offered as
'tasters' of a new software tool which will shortly become available
in 'fully released' form.
</P>
<P>
The full released tools include a family wide assembler and linker,
software simulator , Realizer, and other essential parts of the
developers' software tool kit while one of the Beta releases is of a
'C' compiler which will be of interest to many programmers.
</P>
<P>
- Free Software for ST62 Development tools can be obtained by
downloading from ST on-line :
</P>
<PRE>
ST62 CODES DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE
-------------------------------
REFERENCE COMMENTS
--------- ---------
SW6XXXA1.exe Contains a full development software suite for the ST6.
cst6demo.zip This is a one time limited version.
DB6XXXB1.exe Contains debugging software suite for ST6
SW6XXXW1.exe Contains assembler,linker,Windows debugger
SW6XXXW2.exe Contains assembler,linker,Windows debugger
DB6XXXI1.exe Enables installation of AST6/LST6/WGDB61.1
DRXXXXA1.exe Contains Windows NT installation software
</PRE>
<H4>
#4.2) Function Packages (e.g. math, macros, subroutines) (EC!)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_2">
<P>
In the SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 - Grenoble BBS)
some demonstration software is available that, as I understand,
is enclosed in details in the ST6220 starter kit (release of May 1995).
In the ST6220A1.exe file it is possible to find the following
EXAMPLES DIRECTORY, with free software:
</P>
<PRE>
DISK DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
************************
\
- CALCUL
- DATAROM
- EEPROM
- EXOS
- IRTRANS
- KEYBOARD
- POWER
- REGISTER
- SERIAL
- TIMING
- RS232
- MUSIC
- LCD
- BAT_CHG
- DC_MOT
- UNIMOT
- HOME ------- \PHONE
\___ \POW_LIN
</PRE>
<PRE>
FILES LIST:
**********
\ CALCUL ROUTINES FOR CALCULATION
File.Ext Size
------------ -------
additn.asm 3,602 floating point addition
bin_asci.asm 5,425 binary/ascii conversion
bin_bcd.asm 11,972 binary/bcd conversion
calcul.asm 13,124 quick floating point calculator
divis.asm 4,469 8/8 division
div_24.asm 23,124 division
st6div.txt 1,736 division
multi.asm 4,338 8x8 multiplication
multipl1.asm 2,591 floating point multiplication
multipl2.asm 962 8x8 multiply
st6sqrt.txt 4,596 rootmint square calculation
xor.asm 1,834 8 bits exclusive OR
\ DATAROM DATAROM MANIPULATION
File.Ext Size
----------- --------
st6pagm.txt 1,127 macro
st6pgdlt.txt 11,479 look-up table
\ EEPROM EEPROM MANIPULATION
File.Ext Size
----------- -------
eeppws6.asm 7,330 parallel write
eeprom.asm 14,723 read/write EE 93C46
eeprws6.asm 7,458 read routine
eepwr.txt 5,788 parallel write
\ EXOS EXAMPLES OF SMALL PROGRAMS
File.Ext Size
------------- ---------
example1.asm 4,217 example training
example2.asm 7,189 example training
stopmod.asm 4,377 stop mode
\ IRTRANS IR TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS
File.Ext Size
-------------- --------
gpirmr.txt 1,186 general purpose IR transmission
gpirtx.txt 10,825 general purpose IR transmission
irdimmer.asm 27,257 light dimmer with IR interface
mn6014a.asm 18,606 IR transmission
rcs6.asm 26,977 remote control data bits
\ KEYBOARD KEYBOARDS DECODING
File.ext Size
-------------- -------
adca.txt 4,220 analog keyboard decoding
adcb.txt 5,622 analog keybaord decoding
scan_k2.asm 10,878 keyboard scan 28 keys
scan_key.asm 3,437 keyboard pad scanning
st_kb1.asm 12,448 keyboard scan 16 keys
\ POWER POWER CONTROL APPLICATIONS
File.ext Size
------------ ---------
60dim1.asm 11,213 60Hz light dimmer
dim1.asm 11,212 50Hz light dimmer
himkit.txt 16,023 highly inductive motor control
himkita.txt 1,902 highly inductive motor control
irdimmer.asm 27,257 remote control + light dimmer
mot1.asm 10,605 50Hz motor control
mot60.asm 10,610 60Hz motor control
pmot1.asm 6,221 motor control with potentiometer
\ REGISTER REGISTERS DEFINITION
File.ext Size
------------ --------
6215_reg.asm 1,656 ST621x/2x register declaration
6292_reg.asm 2,584 ST6292/94 register declaration
62xx_reg.asm 8,636 register/bit name standards
st62e10.def 1,129
st62e15.def 1,214
st62e40.def 3,036
st62e92.def 1,916
st62e94.def 1,916
st6dpins.txt 9,383 ports initialisation
\ SERIAL SERIAL COMMUNICATION
File.ext Size
------------- -----
si2cs6.asm 14,838 I2C by software
st6i2c.asm 18,733 I2C by software
send.asm 2,183 Send data using the SPI peripheral
receive.asm 3,589 Receive data using the SPI peripheral
spi.txt 2,233 serial communication using the SPI
\ TIMING CLOCKS
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
rtcst6.asm 17,814 real time clock
\ RS232 RS232 SERIAL COMMUNICATION
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README 1,810
COM.DEF 170
COM.MAC 3,089
REG_R_W.BAT 55
REG_R_W.ST6 11,619
RS_REG.DEF 2,934
SERIN.MAC 3,776
SEROUT.MAC 4,746
ST6210.DEF 1,093
SUB_IN.ST6 2,743
SUB_OUT.ST6 2,110
\ MUSIC SOUNDS & MUSICS TUNING
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
MUSIC.ASM 8,609
ST626X.DEF 2,012
\ LCD LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DRIVE
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README 1,412
DEMLCD05.ASM 18,374
DEMOLCD3.ASM 14,154
LCD005.ASM 25,027
LCD_6225.ASM 17,838
LCD_6265.ASM 25,027
\ BAT_CHG BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
INFLEX1.ASM 41,627
\ DCMOT DC MOTOR CONTROL
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
DCMOT_1.ASM 28,490
\ UNIMOT MOTOR CONTROL
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
SENS01.ASM 20,269
\ HOME HOME AUTOMATION
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README 945
README.BAT 20
PHONE <REP>
POW_LINE <REP>
\ HOME\PHONE PHONE REMOTE SYSTEM
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README. 1,587
README.BAT 22
6215_REG.ASM 1,656
DEF_FRA2.ASM 26,412
PHONE.ASM 7,349
ST6_7537.ASM 25,969
ST6_TEL.ASM 19,957
PHONE.HEX 5,726
\ HOME\POW_LIN POWER LINE MODEM
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README 988
README.BAT 22
6215_REG.ASM 1,656
ADDRESS.ASM 3,511
DEF_FRAM.ASM 26,336
DISPLAY.ASM 4,727
MASTER.ASM 7,293
MASTER.HEX 9,871
POWERCTL.ASM 8,523
SLAVE.ASM 6,507
SLAVE.HEX 9,871
ST6_7537.ASM 25,969
POT_ET_B.ASM 6,265
\ A_TIPS ST6 APPLICATION TIPS
File.ext Size
-------------- ------
README 1,575
README.BAT 22
ATIP#4.TXT 1,201
ATIP#14.TXT 18,606
ATIP#39.TXT 2,230
ATIP#23.TXT 2,298
ATIP#22.TXT 2,712
ATIP#40.TXT 2,519
ATIP#38.TXT 3,720
ATIP#37.TXT 3,290
ATIP#36.TXT 6,252
ATIP#34.TXT 2,548
ATIP#33.TXT 4,445
ATIP#32.TXT 15,187
ATIP#30.TXT 2,695
ATIP#28.TXT 825
ATIP#26.TXT 2,227
ATIP#19.TXT 1,524
ATIP#18.TXT 11,480
ATIP#12.TXT 2,499
ATIP#11.TXT 1,092
ATIP#8.TXT 1,815
</PRE>
<HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%>
<P>
The archive sites of the ST6FAQ
<A HREF="st6faqc1.htm#ST6FAQ_C_1_4">(see #1.4)</A>
also carry some
contributions too voluminous to be placed in the FAQ, so they
are kept separately and ready for download:
</P>
<PRE>
az_7seg.zip source code for "7-segment Calculations"
(whatever this may mean)
(36K/34k, contribution of Alexander Zigouras)
idrled.zip source code "7-segment-LED-driver, 4 digits"
(5K/19k, contribution of Ian David Roffey)
ok_forth.zip first release (0.1a) of a FORTH compiler,
(about 100k, documentation is in German)
(contribution of Olaf Kaluza)
sg_dal1w.zip source code "DALLAS 1-wire bus routines"
(1k/7k, contribution of Steve Groom)
sg_lcd.zip source code "LCD-driver, 2 rows of 16 characters each"
(1k/4k, contribution of Steve Groom)
sg_math.zip source code "Mathematical Routines"
(2k/13k, contribution of Steve Groom)
vc_bitop.zip source code "Bit Operations: SET, RESET"
(1k/2k, contribution of Vittorio Crappella)
vc_or.zip source code "Logical Function: OR"
(1k/2k, contribution of Vittorio Crappella)
</PRE>
<H4>
#4.3) OTP/EPROM Programmers (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_3">
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st62.htm">
Files are available for ST62 via WWW</A>
</P>
<PRE>
REFERENCE COMMENTS
--------- -----------
GP62XXA1.exe Contains Gangprogrammer configuration
and interface software.
RP62XXA1.exe Contains configuration and interface software
for the remote Eprom programming.
RP622XA1.exe Contains Eprom programmer configuration
and interface software for ST62E0x/E1x/E2X subfamily.
RP623XA1.exe Contains Eprom programmer configuration
and interface software for ST62E3x sub-family.
RP624XA1.exe Contains Eprom programmer configuration
and interface software for ST62E4X sub-family.
RP626XA1.exe Contains Eprom programmer configuration
and interface software for ST62E5x/6x subfamily.
RP628Xa1.exe Contains Eprom programmer configuration
and interface software for ST62E8xB sub-family.
</PRE>
<P>
and PROBABLY on SGS-Thomson's CD-ROM "ST62 MCU Family"
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st63.htm">
Files are available for ST63 via WWW</A>
</P>
<H4>
#4.4) Debugging Tools (????)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_4">
<P>
[ to be added ]
</P>
<H4>
#4.5) Start Kit Software (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_5">
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st62.htm">
Files are available for ST62 via WWW</A>
</P>
<PRE>
REFERENCE COMMENTS
--------- --------
PGXXXXA1.exe Starterkit Epromer software
SK622XA1.exe Contains full Starter Kit software suite for
ST620x/1x/2x family of devices.
SK623XA1.exe Contains full Starter Kit software suite for
ST623x family of devices.
SK6240A1.exe Contains full starter Kit software suite for
ST624x family of devices.
SK626XA1.exe Contains full starter Kit software suite for
ST625x/6x family of devices.
</PRE>
<P>
and PROBABLY on SGS-Thomson's CD-ROM "ST62 MCU Family"
</P>
<H4>
#4.9) Miscellaneous (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_4_9">
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st62.htm">
Files are available for ST62 via WWW</A> at
<PRE>
http://www.st.com/stonline/products/support/mcu8/st62.htm
</PRE>
</P>
<PRE>
REFERENCE COMMENTS
--------- -----------
ST6PWRKT.exe Contains full power kit software suite
TR62XXA1.exe ST62 Training
</PRE>
<P>
and PROBABLY on SGS-Thomson's CD-ROM "ST62 MCU Family"
</P>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###5) COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ST6 DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_5">
<H4>
#5.1) Development Tools (assemblers, compilers, simulators) (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_5_1">
<P>
This information is available from the SGS-THOMSON-BBS-
Microcontroller Support (France):
<PRE>
DOCUMENTATION FOR ST6 DEVELOPEMENT TOOLS
DESIGNATION REFERENCE RELEASE DATE
----------- ---------- ------- -----
ST620X/1X/2X/3X/6X/9X Emulator User Man. Doc-ST626X-EMU2 1.02 Mar 97
ST620X Adaptor User Manual Doc-ST620X-DIP16-ADAPT 1.0 July 96
ST624XB Emulator User Manual Doc-ST624XB-EMU2 1.00 Sept 97
ST624X/8X-Probes User Manual Doc-ST624X/8X-PRB 1.0 Sept 95
ST624X QFP52 Probe Documentation Doc-ST624X/QFP52-PRB 1.01 Oct 96
ST623X Emulator User Manual Doc-ST623X-EMU2 1.0 Oct 96
ST623X QFP Probe Documentation Doc-ST623X/QFP-PRB 1.01 Oct 96
ST628X-DBE Emulator/Dedication Board Doc-ST628X-EMU2 1.0 Nov 96
ST62E3X MCU Eprom Programmer User Manual Doc-ST62E3X-EPB 1.02 Apr 97
ST62E8X Programming Board User Manual Doc-ST62E8X-EPB 1.02 Mar 95
ST638X/9X Emulator User Manual Doc-ST638X-EMU 1.01 July 94
ST62EXX Gang Programmer User Manual Doc-ST62EXX-GP 3.02 Apr 97
ST622X Family Starter Kit User Manual Doc-ST622XSKUM/2 Aug 97
ST62 Family Starterkit for Doc-ST623XSKUM/1 Aug 97
ST623X User Manual
ST63EXX Gang Programmer User Manual Doc-ST63EXX-GP 1.02 Apr 96
ST6240 LCD Starter-Kit User manual Doc-ST624X-KIT 1st Jun 93
ST626X Family Starterkit User Manual Doc-ST626XSKUM/2 1.0 Sept 96
ST62EXX Remote Programmer User Manual Doc-ST62EXX-EPB/COM 1.04 Sept 97
ST63E1XX-EPB Eprom Programmer Doc-ST63E1XX-EPB/COM 3.01 June 97
ST6N-Well 32K Debbugger ST6NDB Doc-ST6XXX-ST6NDB 4.30 Sept 96
ST6 Family Software Tools AST6, LST6 DBST6SOFTOST/3 June 97
SIMST6 User Manual
ST631XX-EMU User's Manual Doc-ST631XX-EMU 2.0 May 96
ST63E73 Programming Board User Manual Doc-ST63E73 Programming 1.0 April 96
User Manual
ST6373-DBE Doc-ST6373-EMU2 1.0 April 97
</PRE>
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
- The following documents can be ordered directly in ESICOM.
(ESICOM is the SGS-THOMSON internal commercial software system to handle
customer orders, deliveries etc..
This is only good for ST distributors or direct customers)
<PRE>
SALES TYPE ( order code ) DESIGNATION RELEASE DATE
DBST6SOFTOST/2 ST6 FAMILY
Software Tools AST6, LST6, SIMST6 User manual 2nd Ed Aug 94
DBST6ST/4 ST62 General Purpose Databook 4rd Ed Oct 94
DBST624xFST/1 ST62 LCD Driver ST624x/ST628x 1st Ed May 93
AMST62PPLST/1 ST62 General Purpose Appplication 1st Ed Jan 95
</PRE>
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
SOFTWARE FOR ST6 DEVELOPEMENT TOOLS
<P>
Procedure for ordering this software :
<UL>
<LI>You can order a set of 50 copies
under Esicom Sales-Type : ST6-SW/50COP Q =3D 1
<LI>You must send a mail to C.GRIAT ( CS/Planning DEV. Tools )
whith the following information :
<PRE>
+ OC Number/Item
+ Reference of software requested.
</PRE>
<LI>Delay : 2 weeks
</UL>
<PRE>
REFERENCE DESIGNATON PACKAGE
------------------------------------------------------------
SK622XA1 ST622X-Starter Kit Pack 1
SK6220A1 ST6220-Starter Kit Pack 2
SK6240A1 ST6240-Starter Kit Pack 2
SK626XA1 ST626X-Starter KIt Pack 1
SW6XXXA1 ST6-Software Tools/PC Pack 19
DB6XXXA1 ST6-Debugging Tools/PC Pack 6
RP623XA1 ST623X Eprom Programming Software Pack 1
RP628XA1 ST628X Programming board software Pack 2
RP62XXA1 ST62XX Remote-EPB Pack 2
GP62XXA1 ST62XX Gang Programmer Pack 6
RP6371A1 ST6370 Eprom Programming Pack 1
GP63XXA1 ST63XX Gang Programmer Pack 4
RP63XXA1 ST63EXX Remote-EPB Pack 7
</PRE>
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
<STRONG>ACTUM REALIZER</STRONG>
<P>
Software Aided Computer Engineering for ST62 8-Bit
Microcontrollers, MS Windows 3 Edition: ST6-REALIZER/PC
<P>
The software allows to generate the program code with the following steps:
<UL>
<LI>You draw the schematic circuit of the application with the symbol
available in the graphic system instead to writing the assembly code.
<LI>Check the integrity of the graphical description, verify I/O
assignment etc. with the Analize Menu.
<LI>The software develops automatically the program code and all files
related to the ST62 target.
<LI>The Simulate Menu allows to monitor the signals of the application,
directly on the graphical description without to build hardware for
debugging.
</UL>
<P>
Note: In the SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 - Grenoble BBS) it is available
the Demo-Realizer Pack software and some application notes as
the AN676 and AN677 with this tool.
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
The following is a list of Italian firms offering programming languages,
support packages and development tools for ST6 family:
<PRE>
SGS-THOMPSON STARTER KIT:
FUTURA ELETTRONICA
Viale Kennedy 96
20027 RESCALDINA (MI)
ITALY
Phone: 331 576139
Fax: 331 578200
(They sell also a
"Training Course for learning the programming of ST6 family")
DPM
Via Orientale 35
71100 FOGGIA
ITALY
Phone: 881 771548
Fax : 881 720680
ASSEMBLERS:
MULTIASSEMBLER
description: assembler for many microcontrollers
including the ST6 Family
ALFA SISTEMI
Via Pian Savelli 134
00040 POMEZIA (ROMA)
ITALY
Phone: 6 71302919
SOFTEC MICROSYSTEMS
Viale Rimembranze,19C
33082 Azzano Decimo (PN)
ITALY
Phone 434 640113
Fax 434 631598
BBS 434 631904
E-mail softec@mbox.vol.it
Internet:www.vol.it/softec
C COMPILERS for ST62XX:
HSA
Via Dandolo, 90
70033 CORATO (BA)
ITALY
Phone: 80 8727224
e-Mail: hsa@iqsnet.it
WWW: http://151.99.160.154/clienti/HSA/HsaHome.htm
(in this WWW page there is a description of their
C compilers for the ST62XX)
http://151.99.160.154/aziende/HSA/HsaHome.htm
(this may be the recent URL)
KITS:
PROGRAMMING BOARDS
description: kit for the contruction of the board for tranferring
the object file into the ST6 EPROM
NUOVA ELETTRONICA
Via Cracovia 19
40139 BOLOGNA
ITALY
Phone 542 641490
Fax 542 641919
DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS:
REAL TIME IN CIRCUIT EMULATORS
description: real time development tools with the possibility
to see output signals on the monitor
SOFTEC MICROSYSTEMS
Viale Rimembranze,19C
33082 Azzano Decimo (PN)
ITALY
Phone 434 640113
Fax 434 631598
BBS 434 631904
E-mail softec@mbox.vol.it
Internet:www.abacom.it/softec.html
STARLIGHT ELECTRONICS
Via Giuseppe Antonio Guattani 2/A
00161 ROMA
ITALY
Phone/Fax 6 44235999
A disk demo, with the development tools, is available on request.
UMC ELETTRONICA
Via Gavirate 18B
ITALY
00100 ACILIA (ROMA)
Phone: 6 52361041
</PRE>
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
The following address is a
<A HREF="http://www1.tip.nl/users/t682842/st6.html">WWW page</A>
with the description of development
tools for ST62XX, of the company - Eclipson Development - (Netherland):
<PRE>
http://www1.tip.nl/users/t682842/st6.html
</PRE>
<P>
You may become a BETA tester of a
<BR>ST6 Assembler/Linker, Disassembler, C-Compiler, Simulator
<BR>for WINDOWS-platform
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
A new kind of Universal Microcontroller Simulator (UMPS) is said to be
available for ST62XX, 8031, PIC, HC11, HC705 in Windows environment.
<P>
You may check this
<A HREF="http://idls.izarbel.tm.fr/entp/techer/P01.HTM">
WEB page;</A>
there is a description how to download a DEMO (with limitted features):
<PRE>
http://idls.izarbel.tm.fr/entp/techer/P01.HTM
</PRE>
<P>
There are also mirror FTP sites at:
<PRE>
ftp://ftp.luth.se/pub/misc/microchip/incoming (Sweden)
ftp://ftp.bsl.unsw.edu.au/sys/pub/incoming (Australia)
ftp://sistudio.com/pub/umps (USA)
</PRE>
<P>
Be aware: the total sum of demo files to download is about 2MB.
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
It is said there is a new C Compiler coming from ST.
A Beta Version is on a CD-ROM, called "ST62 MCU Family"
(Part Number ST62-CDROM).
<P>
The CD-ROM is split into two main parts consisting of a "Book Shop"
area and a "Development Tools" area with a third area containing
viewer software to allow browsing through the contents of the CD-ROM.
<P>
Also a WIN95 based version of the Simulator for ST6.
<PRE>
MSC Vertriebs GmbH:
D-76689 Stutensee/Germany
email: RH@msc-ge.com
FAX: (0)7249/910-266
Voice: (0)7249/910-171
</PRE>
<P><HR ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH=30%><P>
Do you use ST62 family micro (ST62 10-15-20-25-60-65) ?
You might try <A HREF="http://members.xoom.com/emulst62/">EmulST62</A>
from Italy:
<PRE>
http://members.xoom.com/emulst62/
</PRE>
or contact <A HREF="mailto:emulst62@usa.net">the author</A>
<A HREF="mailto:tompaolo@usa.net">Paolo Tomasini</A>.
<H4>
#5.2) Function Packages (e.g. math, macros, subroutines) (????????)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_5_2">
<P>
[ to be added ]
<H4>
#5.3) OTP/EPROM Programmers
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_5_3">
<PRE>
HARDWARE TOOLS OVERVIEW '98
DEVICE PKGE EPPROM STARTERKIT EPROM PRGRMMR GPRGRMMR
------ ----- ------ ---------- -------- -------------
ST62T00 DIP16 1K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/DIP
ST62T00 SO16 1K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/SO
ST62E01/T01 DIP16 2K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/DIP
ST62E01/T01 SO16 2K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/SO
ST62T03 DIP16 1K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/DIP
ST62T03 SO16 1K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E0X-GP/SO
ST62T08 DIP20 1K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/DIP
ST62T08 SO20 1K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/SO
ST62T09 DIP20 1K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/DIP
ST62T09 SO20 1K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/SO
ST62E10/T10 DIP20 2K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/DIP
ST62E10/T10 SO20 2K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/SO
ST62E15/T15 DIP28 2K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E15-GP/DIP
ST62E15/T15 SO28 2K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E15-GP/SO
ST62E18/T18 DIP20 6K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB not available
ST62E20/T20 DIP20 4K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/DIP
ST62E20/T20 SO20 4K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E10-GP/SO
ST62E25/T25 DIP28 4K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E15-GP/DIP
ST62E25/T25 SO28 4K (1) ST62E2XC-EPB ST62E15-GP/SO
ST62E28/T28 DIP28 6K ST622XC-KIT ST62E2XC-EPB not available
ST62E30/T30 DIP28 8K ST623X-KIT ST62E3X-EPB not available
ST62E30/T30 SO28 8K (1) ST62E3X-EPB not available
ST62E32/T32 SDIP42 8K ST623X-KIT ST62E3X-EPB not available
ST62E35/T35 QFP52 8K (1) ST62E3X-EPB not available
ST62E40/T40 QFP80 8K ST624X-KIT ST62E4XB-EPB ST62E40-GP/QFP
ST62E42/T42 QFP64 8K ST624X-KIT ST62E4XB-EPB ST62E42-GP/QFP
ST62E45/T45 QFP52 4K ST624X-KIT ST62E4XB-EPB ST62E45-GP/QFP
ST62E46/T46 SDIP56 4K planned not available not available
ST62T52B DIP16 2K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB not available
ST62T52B SO16 2K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB not available
ST62T53B DIP20 2K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/DIP
ST62T53B SO20 2K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/SO
ST62T55B DIP28 4K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E65-GP/DIP
ST62T55B SO28 4K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E65-GP/SO
ST62E60B/T60 DIP20 4K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/DIP
ST62E60B/T60 SO20 4K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/SO
ST62T62B DIP16 2K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB not available
ST62T62B SO16 2K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB not available
ST62T63B DIP20 2K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/DIP
ST62T63B SO20 2K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E60-GP/SO
ST62E65B/T65 DIP28 4K ST626XB-KIT ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E65-GP/DIP
ST62E65B/T65 SO28 4K (1) ST62E6XB-EPB ST62E65-GP/SO
ST62E80/T80 QFP100 8K not available ST62E8X-EPB ST62E80-GP/QFP
ST62E85/T85 QFP80 8K not available ST62E8X-EPB ST62E85-GP/QFP
(1) = in-circuit programming must be used.
</PRE>
<H4>
#5.4) Debugging Tools
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_5_4">
<P>
These products are sold by SGS-THOMSON's representatives:
<PRE>
DEVICES | EMULATOR
| Complete | Dedication Board
_________|_________________|_____________________________
ST620X | ST626X-EMU2 | ST626X-DBE
ST621X | |
ST622X | |
---------------------------------------------------------
ST623X | ST623X-EMU2 | ST623X-DBE
---------------------------------------------------------
ST624X | ST6240B-EMU2 | ST624X-DBE
| ST6242B-EMU2 |
| ST6245B-EMU2 |
| ST6246B-EMU2 |
---------------------------------------------------------
ST625X | ST626X-EMU2 | ST626X-DBE
ST626X | |
---------------------------------------------------------
ST628X | ST6285-EMU2 | ST628X-DBE
| ST6280-EMU2 |
---------------------------------------------------------
Note: All Emulators 1 Kits are provided with a complete Software package
(e.g Macro Assembler, Linker, Debugger, Simulator).
</PRE>
<PRE>
OTHER KITS
ST622X-PWRKIT/50 Power Kit, The ST62 + Triac Solution
ST622X-PWRKIT/60
ST6-FUZZY/PC : ST62 Fuzzy compiler:
ST6-REALIZER/PC : ST62 Realizer
</PRE>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###6) ST6 DOCUMENTATION</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6">
<H4>
#6.1) Brochures / Data Books / CD-ROM / Application Notes (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_1">
<P>
These products are sold by SGS-THOMSON's representatives,
if not stated otherwise.
</P>
<UL>
<LI>Brochures:
<PRE>
- ST62 The Cost Effective MCU BRST62ST/1094 1993
- ST62 family overview BRST62ST/0293 Available
</PRE>
<LI>Data Books:
<PRE>
- Shortform, includes all SGS-THOMSON products,
but has a nice overview of all microcontroller families.
</PRE>
<PRE>
- ST6210/ST6215/ST6220/ST6225 D.B. DBST6ST/1 1991
- ST621X, 2X + info on 6X DBST6ST/4 Available
- ST62 General Purpose AMST62APPLST/1 1995
</PRE>
<PRE>
- ST624X Data book; info on 8x DBST624XFST/1 Available
- ST62 tools user manual
(AST6,LST6,SIMST6 1994) DBST6SOFTOST/2 Available
- Video Products Databook, Volume 1. AMVIDEOST/1 1991
ST62-TRAIN/DOC Available
</PRE>
<LI>Online-Documentation:
<A HREF="http://www.st.com/stonline/books/index.htm">
Book Index </A> at
<PRE>
http://www.st.com/stonline/books/index.htm
</PRE>
<LI>CD-ROMs:
<P>
The 'ST62 MCU Family' CD-ROM offers a full set of data sheets and
application notes on all ST62 family products.
</P>
<P>
The 'DATA on DISC' CD-ROM contains information on all SGS-Thomson
products and can be purchased from most distributors of SGS-Thomson
components. Ofcourse a vast number of printed data books are widely
available.
</P>
<LI>Application Notes (in English):
<PRE>
- ST62 Application manual AMST62APPLST/1 Available
</PRE>
<LI>Application Notes (in German):
<PRE>
- ST62 Microcontroller - Anwenderhandbuch - XY500
</PRE>
<LI>Applications Notes (in English available in st-online)
<PRE>
AN1014 | ST7 | How to minimize the ST7 Power Consumption
AN1017 | ST7 | Using the ST727 Universal Bus Interface
AN1047 | ST7 | Managing reception errors with the ST7 SCI
| | peripherals
AN392 | ST6 | Microcontroller(MCU) and triacs on the mains
| | (100/220V)
AN414 | ST6 | Controlling a brush DC motor with an ST6265
AN416 | ST6 | Sensorless motordrive with the ST62 MCU and triac
AN417 | ST6 | From nickel-cadmium to nickel-hydride
| | fast battery charger
AN419 | ST6 | An approach to motor control with fuzzy logic
AN420 | ST6 | Expanding A/D resolution of the ST6 A/D conversion
AN422 | ST6 | Improved Universal Motor Drive
AN431 | ST6 | Using ST6 analog inputs for multiple key decoding
AN432 | ST6 | Using ST62XX I/O Ports safely
AN433 | ST6 | Fast NICD battery charging using ST6210 MCU
AN434 | ST6 | Movement detector concepts for noisy environments
AN435 | ST6 | Designing with Microcontrollers in noisy environments
AN590 | ST6 | PWM generation with the ST62 auto re-load timer
AN591 | ST6 | Input Capture with ST62 Auto reload capture
AN592 | ST6 | PLL Generation with ST62 Auto-reload timer
AN593 | ST6 | ST62 in-circuit programming
AN594 | ST6 | Direct software LCD Drive with ST621X and ST626X
AN595 | ST6 | Fuzzy vacuum cleaner using ST6220 and FuzzyTech
| | ST6 explorer
AN597 | ST6 | Temperature Control using Fuzzy Logic
AN598 | ST6 | Cascading fuzzy modules with ST6 fuzzy tech
AN669 | ST6 | Simple reset circuits for the ST62
AN670 | ST6 | Oscillator selection for the ST62
AN671 | ST6 | Prevention of data corruption in ST6 on-Chip EEPROM
AN672 | ST6 | Optimizing the ST6 A/D converter accurancy
AN673 | ST6 | Reducing current consumption at 32KHz with ST62
AN674 | ST6 | Microcontrollers in home appliance, a soft revolution
AN675 | ST6 | A rapid charger for batteries with fuzzy logic
AN676 | ST6 | Battery charger using the ST6-Realizer
AN677 | ST6 | Painless Microcontroller code by graphical
| | application description
AN678 | ST6 | LCD Driving with ST6240
AN638 | ST6 | STXX - Microcontrollers (MCU's) application note
| | abstracts
AN839 | ST6 | Analog multiple key decoding using the ST6-Realizer
AN840 | ST6 | Coded Lock using the ST6-realizer
AN841 | ST6 | A cock design using the ST6-realizer
AN842 | ST6 | 7 segment display drive using the st6-realizer
AN843 | ST6 | Bankswitch and GNU C example
AN859 | ST6 | An intelligent one hour multicharger for Li-Ion,
| | NiMH and NiCd batteries
AN863 | ST6 | Improved sensorless control with the ST62 MCU
| | for universal motor
AN865 | ST6 | ST6X86 and pentium Bus differences
AN866 | ST6 | ST6X86 Thermal Design Considerations
AN867 | ST6 | ST6X86 Bios Writers Guide
AN883 | | A mini guide to the applicaton note index in
| | the 8-Bit MCU's bulletin board system
AN4884 | ST6 | ST62XX apllication notes abstracts by topic
AN885 | ST6 | Microcontrollers drive home appliance motor
| | technology
AN886 | | MCU's - selecting between ROM and OTP for
| | a microcontroller
AN887 | | MCU's making it easy with Microcontrollers
AN898 | | MCU's EMC general information
AN899 | | MCU's Soldering recommendations and packaging
| | information
AN900 | | MCU's Introduction to semiconductor technology
AN901 | | EMC guide lines for microcontroller-based
| | applications
AN902 | | MCU's Quality and reliability information
AN912 | | MCU's a simple guide to development tools
</PRE>
<P>
Note: Some of the above Application Notes are those published in the
ST62 Application Manual.
</P>
<P>
**** PROBABLY NOT ACCESSIBLE ANYMORE: ****
<LI>Application Notes available in the SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 -
Grenoble BBS): - EC version 960130
<PRE>
MCU Application Notes ACROREAD.EXE1,438,059 11/29/95
| Acrobat Reader file viewer - |Necessary to view/print .pdf files
Dwnlds: 4 DL Time 00:16:49 |
AN392_A4.PDF 353,654 11/29/95 | Microcontroller and Triac on the
Dwnlds: 3 DL Time 00:04:08 | 110/240V Mains
AN412_A4.PDF 497,332 11/29/95 | Digital Power Factor Correction with
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:05:49 | Non-Sinewave Current
AN414_A4.PDF 246,191 11/29/95 | Controlling a brush DC motor with
an
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:02:52 | ST6265 MCU
AN415_A4.PDF 715,256 11/29/95 | Using the I2C BUS Protocol (Acroread
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:08:21 | format)
AN416_A4.PDF 364,560 11/29/95 | Sensorless Motor Drive with the ST62
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:04:15 | MCU + Triac
AN417_A4.PDF 946,387 11/29/95 | From NICD to NIHM Fast Battery Charging
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:11:04 | (Acroread format)
AN419_A4.PDF 484,892 11/29/95 | An approach to Motor Control with
FUZZI
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:05:40 | Logic - ST6 MCU
AN420_A4.PDF 138,289 11/29/95 | Expanding ADC Resolution of the ST6 A/D
Dwnlds: 3 DL Time 00:01:37 | Converter
AN422_A4.PDF 317,481 11/29/95 | Improves universal Motor Drive
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:03:42 | (Acroread format)
AN423_A4.PDF 550,073 11/29/95 | ISO Smart Card Interface (Acroread
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:06:26 | format)
AN424_A4.PDF 632,796 11/29/95 | Versatile and Cost Effective Induction
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:07:24 | Motor Drive / 3 phase
AN426_A4.PDF 443,469 11/29/95 | Frequency Doubler Demonstration System
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:05:11 | (Acroread format)
AN431_A4.PDF 208,579 11/29/95 | Using ST6 Analog Inputs for Multiple
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:02:26 | Key Decoding
AN432_A4.PDF 264,115 11/29/95 | Using ST62xx Ports Safely
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:03:05 |
AN433_A4.PDF 515,633 11/29/95 | Ultra Fast Battery Charger using ST6210
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:06:01 | Microcontroller
AN434_A4.PDF 119,982 11/29/95 | Movement Detector Concepts for Noisy
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:01:24 | Environments
AN435_A4.PDF 419,205 11/29/95 | Designing with Microcontrollers in
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:04:54 | Noisy Environment
AN490_A4.PDF 325,104 11/29/95 | Programming Flash Memory of the
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:03:48 | ST10F166
AN590_A4.PDF 113,247 11/29/95 | PWM Generation with ST62 Auto-reload
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:01:19 | Timer
AN591_A4.PDF 82,638 11/29/95 | Input Capture with ST62 Auto-reload
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:00:57 | Timer
AN592_A4.PDF 98,794 11/29/95 | PLL Generation using the ST62
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:01:09 | Auto-reload Timer
AN593_A4.PDF 100,787 11/29/95 | ST62 IN-Circuit Programming
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:01:10 |
AN594_A4.PDF 533,308 11/29/95 | Direct Software LCD drive with ST621x &
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:06:14 | ST626x
AN595_A4.PDF 846,814 11/29/95 | Application of FUZZI Vacuum Cleaner
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:09:54 | using ST6220 & FUZZITECH
AN597_A4.PDF 625,180 11/29/95 | Temperature Control with FUZZY Logic
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:07:18 |
AN598_A4.PDF 199,146 11/29/95 | Cascading FUZZY Modules with ST6
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:02:19 | FUZZYTECH
AN669_A4.PDF 54,420 11/29/95 | Simple Reset Circuits for the ST62
Dwnlds: 3 DL Time 00:00:38 |
AN670_A4.PDF 130,687 11/29/95 | Oscillator Selection for ST62
Dwnlds: 4 DL Time 00:01:31 |
AN671_A4.PDF 59,286 11/29/95 | Prevention of Data Corruption on ST6
Dwnlds: 3 DL Time 00:00:41 | on-chip EEPROM
AN672_A4.PDF 36,610 11/29/95 | Optimizing the ST6 A/D Converter
Dwnlds: 4 DL Time 00:00:25 | Accuracy
AN673_A4.PDF 41,723 11/29/95 | Reducing Current Comsumption at 32KHz
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:00:29 | with ST62
AN674.PDF 317,480 11/29/95 | Microcontrollers in Home Appliance
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:03:42 | Software Solution
AN675.PDF 82,711 11/29/95 | A rapid Charger for Batteries with
Dwnlds: 2 DL Time 00:00:58 | FUZZY Logic
AN676.PDF 148,533 11/29/95 | Battery Charger using the ST6-REALIZER
Dwnlds: 3 DL Time 00:01:44 |
AN677.PDF 202,252 11/29/95 | Painless "MCU" Code by Graphical
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:02:21 | Application Description
AN678.PDF 191,417 11/29/95 | LCD Driving with ST6240
Dwnlds: 0 DL Time 00:02:14 |
ANABSMCU.PDF 171,113 11/29/95 | MCU Application Notes Abstract
Dwnlds: 1 DL Time 00:02:00 | (Acroread format)
</PRE>
<P>
Note: Some of the above Application Notes are those published in the
ST62 Application Manual.
</P>
</UL
<H4>
#6.2) Periodicals (EC?STM?)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_2">
<P>
The following is a list of Italian magazines that generally publish
articles and circuits with ST6 microcontrollers:
</P>
<PRE>
FARE ELETTRONICA
Via Gorki 69
20092 CINISELLO BALSAMO (MI)
Phone 2 66034401
Fax 2 66034482
NUOVA ELETTRONICA
Via Cracovia 19
40139 BOLOGNA
Phone 542 641490
Fax 542 641919
PROGETTO ELECTOR
Via Ferri 6
20092 CINISELLO BALSAMO (MI)
Phone 2 660251
Email: Progetto@jce.it
</PRE>
<P>
We hope to receive informations and contributions from the readers
of this FAQ in order to integrate this list with periodicals publishing
articles on ST6 microcontrollers.
</P>
<H4>
#6.3) Books (EC?)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_3">
<P>
In French:
</P>
<PRE>
Le ST62XX : mise en oeuvre progressive d'un microcontroleur
by Jean-Marc Delaplace and Jean-Luc Gregoriades
published by DUNOD Tech, Paris:
DUNOND/TECH
BP 20
92122 MONTROUGE CEDEX
FRANCE
ISBN 2-10-0011982-1
</PRE>
<H4>
#6.6) Problems / Bugs (chips, hardware, software) (YH980507)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_6">
<UL>
<LI>Windows 95 - DG (David Giles)
<P>
I have noticed that many people have problems with running the SGS
Thomson ST6 Starter Kits programming software under Windows 95.
Most people that have tried to do this have had problems.
Fortunately there is a simple solution. Include the line
"switches=/c" in the config.sys file, and the problem disappears.
</P>
<LI>Corruption of On Board EEPROM With ST626x/4x Devices - DG
<P>
On the ST62T60/65 devices there is 128 bytes of EEPROM and it is
normally used for storing calibration data etc. for use in the
application.
A common problem with many designs in the apparent corruption of
this on board EEPROM. The main reason for the corruption is due to
poor management of the RESET pin on the ST6 device. In cost
sensitive designs the hardware designer will use only a small
reset capacitor, 100nF or so, connected between the RESET pin and
ground.
During power up the voltage on the reset pin will lag behind
slightly the power supply voltage, so during the power up phase
the microcontroller will be held in reset until the voltage on
the reset pin is sufficiently high enough to release the micro.
This works well during power up.
However on power down, the voltage on the RESET pin will collapse
at the samerate as the power supply voltage. At about 3 volts or
so the microcontrollercan not guarantee reliable operation and
device integrity is lost. At this point the microcontroller can
start to write garbage into its register spaceand hence corrupt
the EEPROM. Also the I/O pins on the micrcontroller can be
corrupted and hence spurious LED operation, if connected to the
I/O pins,can be observed. Hence corruption of the EEPROM is
possible during the power down phase.
This can be confirmed in your application by following the
sequence below:
</P>
<OL>
<LI>Set up the EEPROM registers in your software, loading them with
known values.
<LI>Power up your application in the normal way.
<LI>Before powering down your circuit connected the RESET pin down
to ground via a wire link.
<LI>Power down your board and remove the ST6 device.
<LI>Check the value of the EEPROM with the SGS Thomson Starter Kit
Programming Software and perform an upload of the EEPROM.
<LI>If the EEPROM remains uncorrupted then the problem of
corruption is due to poor management of the RESET pin.
</OL>
<P>
Solving the problem is easy. You will need to add a brownout
detector onto the power supply lines, and connect the output to
the reset pin. Methods of doing this are described in Apps Notes
AN669 Simple Reset Circuit For The ST6, and AN671 Prevention Of
Data Corruption In ST6 On Chip EEPROM.
</P>
</UL>
<H4>
#6.7) Hardware Hints and Tips
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_7">
<UL>
<LI>TEST pin - JvK
<P>
Always connect the TEST pin to ground; in the manual an on-chip
pull-down resistor is mentioned, but in fact it is not there or
it simply does not function correctly.
</P>
<LI>ST62 EPROM TEST/VPP Pull-down Resistor - EC
<BR>(read adjacent table YH980507 also for more recent info)
<P>
From SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 and #4.2) it is possible
to read the following Application tip n. 34:
</P>
Agnes Cacciaguerra, Rousset
Thibault Brunet, Rousset:
<P>
EPROM members of the ST62 MCU family use the pin labelled TEST on the
equivalent ROM-based ST62, but with the additional function as the
input for the programming voltage, VPP, for the EPROM.
Normally for the ROM devices the TEST input has an internal pull-down
resistor allowing the device to have this pin not-connected in the
circuit, while preventing unauthorized access to the TEST functions.
</P>
<P>
Several members of the ST62 EPROM based devices have been found to NOT
have this pull-down resistor on the VPP/TEST input of the devices. This
may cause a malfunction of the system or high current consumption of the
device if the TEST input is allowed to float high.
</P>
<P>
For this reason VPP/TEST pin must not be left open. It is advised to
connect this input to Ground via a resistor of 50k to 100kOhm.
</P>
<P>
This applies to the devices shown in the following table for devices
currently available. All future devices will have this pull-down
resistor.
</P>
<P>
Table of ST62 Devices with/without Pull down resistor on the VDD/TEST
pin:
</P>
<PRE>
PULL DOWN
Technology AT VPP
ST621X/2X 1.5 Yes (see note)
ST62E1X 1.5 No
ST62E2X 1.5 No
ST6225 1.2 Yes
ST62E25 1.2 Yes
ST6240 1.5 Yes
ST62E40 1.5 Yes
ST62E94 1.5 No
ST6294 1.2 Yes
ST62E94 1.2 Yes
ST628X 1.5 Yes
ST62E8X 1.5 Yes
All New ST62 1.2 Yes
</PRE>
<P>
Note: All ROM Codes dating after July 1992 have used the revised mask
set, unless otherwise specified by the customer. In detail this applies
to devices with the SGS-THOMSON specified ROM code identifier greater
than SP, (excepting PK, SL and SN).
</P>
<P>
ST6 ROM code identifiers are used to replace the /XX part of the sales
type to specify the customer ROM code used. The sequence has been for two
alphabetic letters incrementing in alpha order (i.e. AA-AZ, BA-BZ etc).
From code YS however, ROM code identifiers have been restarting in an
alpha/number sequence (i.e. A0-A9, B0 to B9 and so on).
Check your part number (specified on the order, as, if custom marking has
been requested, the part number may not appear on the package itself) if
you wish to be sure. In case of doubt, contact the local SGS-THOMSON
marketing person.
</P>
<LI>ST62 EPROM TEST/VPP Pull-down Resistor - YH980507
<P>
Table of ST62 Devices with/without Pull down resistor on
the VDD/TEST pin:
</P>
<PRE>
PULL DOWN
Technology AT VPP
-----------------------------------------------
ST620X 0.8 Yes
ST621X/2X 0.8 Yes (see note)
ST62E1X 0.8 Yes
ST62E2X 0.8 Yes
ST6225 0.8 Yes
ST62E25 0.8 Yes
ST6240 1.0 Yes
ST62E40 1.2 Yes
ST6294 0.9 Yes
ST62E94 1.2 Yes
ST628X 1.0 Yes
ST62E8X 1.2 Yes
</PRE>
<LI>What you have to keep in mind when switching between EPROM/OTP/ROM
Version 951130 - EC
<P>
The ST62EXX microcontroller type is the EPROM version of this family.
They are intended for use during the development of an application
or for pre-prodution and small volume prodution.
</P>
<P>
The ST62TXX OTP type (One Time Programmable) have the same
characteristics of the EPROM except that they cannot be erased.
From the user's point of view, once programmed, the OTP and EPROM types
have exactly the same software and hardware features as the ROM version,
except for the following parts:
</P>
<UL>
<LI>No internal pull-up resistor available on pin NMI;
<LI>No internal pull-up resistor available on pin Timer.
</UL>
<P>
But also see article "ST624X ROM BANKING ALERT"
in chapter "Software Hints and Tips"
</P>
<LI>EPROM erasing - EC
<P>
The EPROM may be erased by esposure to the Ultra violet light.
The erasure of the EPROM begins when the memory is exposed to light
with a wave lengths shorter than approximately 2700 A.
The SGS-Thomsom recommmends an exposure to short wave ultraviolet light
which have a wave-lenght of 2537 A. The integrated dose (UV intensity by
exposure time) for erasure should be a minimum of 15 W sec/cm2.
The erasure time with this dosage is approximately 15 to 20 minutes
using an ultraviolet lamp with 1200 microW/cm2 power rating.
The life of the EPROM is reduced if the exposure is over 50 minutes
The devices should be placed within 2.5 cm of the lamp tubes during
erasure.
</P>
<LI>USING ST62XX I/O PORTS SAFELY - EC
<P>
The application notes AN432 by J.Stockinger on the SGS-THOMSON
Application Manual (1^ FREE Edition-January 1995) is very clear
for understanding the architecture of the I/O bit associated with
these port functions and provide additional indications on the
correct use of these features for functions as keybord scanning
and analog inputs.
</P>
</UL>
<H4>
#6.8) Software Hints and Tips
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_8">
<UL>
<LI>Reset - Jvk
<P>
After reset is a good time to start the timer, configure the I/O
lines, and set up the data rom window register. Start your reset
routine by reloading the watchdog timer, and finish it with:
</P>
<PRE>
reti
nop
</PRE>
<LI>The Stack - DL
<P>
The stack is a hardware stack. This means that you are quite
limited in the number of calls that can be nested, as you have to
save some stack space for the interrupts.
</P>
<LI>Interrupts - JvK
<P>
Disable the A/D conversion interrupt as soon as
you enter the interrupt routines. The end of conversion state
is still valid after the interrupt routine ends and can generate
another interrupt request.
</P>
<P>
It seems that you would have to do the same with all other interrupts,
but I'm not quite sure, since I haven't had any problems with them.
</P>
<LI>The data window - DL
<P>
This is useful. I have used it when converting an A/D result
into a value to be compared with another A/D result. The required
calculation (multiply by 0.62) was a bit beyond the ST6, so I used
a 256 byte look-up table of the result.
</P>
<P>
You can set it up like this:
</P>
<PRE>
.w_on ; enable data rom window
.org 80h
.block 64-$%64 ; Force page boundary.
table
.byte 000h,004h,008h,00bh,00fh,013h,017h,01ah
.byte 01eh,022h,026h,029h,02dh,031h,035h,038h
.byte 0.............. ; etc...
ldi drwr,table.w ; The data rom window register is initialzed.
</PRE>
<P>
And to use it:
</P>
<PRE>
ld x, a2dresult
ld a, (x)
</PRE>
<LI>A/D Conversion - JvK
<P>
An A/D conversion takes about 70 microseconds for a 8 MHz crystal, not
70 milliseconds as printed in some databooks.
Only ONE I/O line can be programmed as an analog input line!
</P>
<LI>Getting the most out of the A/D converter - DL
<P>
The best accuracy is obtained by putting the ST6 to sleep, and
making sure that there has been no processor activity during the
conversion. Hence the use of two flags. All other interrupts
except the A/D interrupt set the ad_bad_flag. The A/D interrupt
sets the ad_good_flag if the ad_bad_flag has not been set.
</P>
<PRE>
a2d1:
clr adbadflag
clr adgoodflag
ldi adcr,a2don ; turn on set up and start a2d
wait
nop ; A TO D INTERRUPT HERE
ld a,adgoodflag
jrz a2d1 ; if not marked as good, do it again
; an untroubled conversion...
</PRE>
<P>
Note the nop after the wait. It is *important*.
</P>
<LI>Oversampling with the A/D - DL
<P>
Without wanting to go into any theory, you may increase the reliability
of your A/D conversions by sampling a few times and averaging. This
would present something of a computational challenge to the ST6, unless
you use a couple of tricks. Set up three locations thus:
</P>
<PRE>
ldi adbsum,00 ; bottom byte of result
ldi adtsum,00 ; top byte of result.
ldi adcount,16 ; NB this is a power of two
</PRE>
<P>
( code snipped as above )
</P>
<PRE>
ld a,adbsum
add a,adr ; add result to sum
ld adbsum,a
jrnc a2d2 ; if carry, then add 1 to top byte
inc adtsum
a2d2:
dec adcount
jrz a2dend ; if adcount has rolled around, then quit
jp a2d1
</PRE>
<P>
After doing the conversion 16 times you have a total value that
you wish to divide by 16. This would be most easily accomplished by
a shift right [#:-} so instead we shift left into our adtsum thus:
</P>
<PRE>
a2dene:
jrz a2dfin ; z flag from ld above or dec below
ld a,adbsum
rlc a ; shift top bit into c flag
ld adbsum,a
ld a,adtsum
rlc a ; shift c flag into bottom bit
ld adtsum,a
dec v ; v loaded with number of shifts
jp a2dene
</PRE>
<P>
Here's an alternative method that I believe is significantly faster.
</P>
<PRE>
clr a
jrr 1,adtsum,a3s1 ; construct in accumulatoir using bit
; tests
ldi a,80h ; this is a 'divide by four' operation.
a3s1:
jrr 0,adtsum,a3s2
addi a,40h
a3s2:
jrr 7,adbsum,a3s3
addi a,20h
a3s3:
jrr 6,adbsum,a3s4
addi a,10h
</PRE>
<P>
............... etc..
</P>
<P>
If you like a good argument, find an appropriate Usenet newsgroup,
and suggest that this technique will allow you greater than eight
bits of accuracy... Only a few people on the net understand the
subject. And they can't be bothered to discuss it anymore, so the
whole argument is conducted by people who don't know what they're
talking about. Actually, that's just like every other thread.
</P>
<LI>Switching of I/O lines - DL
<P>
This must be done in the right order. At startup, I load them thus:
</P>
<PRE>
ldi dra,drabits ; set up I/O pins
ldi ddra,ddrabits
ldi ora,orabits
</PRE>
<P>
I have used copy registers for the data registers and option registers.
This is the sequence I settled on for changing an input to an output:
</P>
<PRE>
; SET PIN TO OUTPUT
ldi a,ddrabits
set a_databit,a
ld ddra,a
set a_databit,ora_out
ld a,ora_out
ld ora,a
set a_databit,prta_out
ld a,prta_out
ld dra,a
; END SET PIN
</PRE>
<LI>Usage of the Timer (Square wave, time measurements etc.) - JvK
<P>
Reliable periodic timer interrupt interval.
[under construction]
</P>
<LI>Square wave.
<P>
You can use the following piece of code inside your timer interrupt
routine:
</P>
<PRE>
jrr dout,tscr,lo_hi
hi_lo res dout,tscr
jp end_tim
lo_hi set dout,tscr
end_tim reti
</PRE>
<P>
The TIMER pin will switch value if a timer interrupt occurs. Be aware that
the value you set in the tscr register is provided to the TIMER pin the
*next* time the timer interrupt is generated.
</P>
<LI>Usage of the watchdog timer - JvK
<P>
The watchdog timer generates a general reset as soon as it has counted
down to zero from its starting value. Be aware and reload the watchdog
register periodically to prevent this. Do this within your main
code loop rather than from within a timer interrupt; as otherwise
you may have the ST6 crash without ever being reset, as the timer
interrupt / routine continue to work although the main code has stopped
working.
</P>
<LI>Long Jump Macros (useful macros to elongate the short jumping
conditional jump operation). Version 960130 - EC
<PRE>
;long jump for jrnz instruction; use jumpnz instead of jrnz
.macro jumpnz jpadress,?lbl
jrz lbl
jp jpadress
lbl
.endm
;long jump for jrnc instruction; use jumpnc instead of jrnc
.macro jumpnc jpadress,?lbl
jrc lbl
jp jpadress
lbl
.endm
;long jump for jrz instruction; use jumpz instead of jrz
.macro jumpz jpadress,?lbl
jrnz lbl
jp jpadress
lbl
.endm
;long jump for jrc instruction; use jumpc instead of jrc
.macro jumpc jpadress,?lbl
jrnc lbl
jp jpadress
lbl
.endm
</PRE>
<LI>What you have to keep in mind when switching between EPROM/OTP/ROM
Version 951130 - EC
<UL>
<LI>Programming Mode:
<P>
The programming mode of the EPROM and OTP types is configured by
setting a voltage of 12.5 V to the Test/Vpp pin.
<LI>ROM option emulation:
<P>
On the EPROM/OTP devices it is possible to emulate the option mask of
the ROM devices by an "Option Byte" that can be programmed with the
programming tools.
<BR>
This "Option byte" is automatically read and the selected options is
switched on.
<BR>
Setting high the bit D7 of the option byte it is possible to prevent
(by hardware) the readout of the software contents.
</P>
</UL>
<LI>ST624X ROM BANKING ALERT
<P>
From SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 and #4.2) it is possible
to read the following Application tip n. 4:
Hans Reichmeyer, Grafing:
</P>
<P>
The ROM Bank switch Register RBSR of the ST6 family members with 8k of
ROM space has a difference in functionality between EPROM and ROM
devices.
</P>
<P>
The ROM bank switch register in ROM devices is NOT initialised during
reset and contains arbitrary information after power up. To addressa
page in the program address range from 0 to 7FF, the ROM bank switch
register must be loaded first.
</P>
<P>
The ROM bank switch register in EPROM devices IS cleared during reset
and addresses page 0 after power up.
</P>
<P>
A problem can arise if a user forgets to load RSBR in his software.When
the program accesses page 0 in an EPROM device, the device will behave
correctly (as RBSR is cleared at reset), whereas a ROM device will have an
undefined function... and will probably cause a program failure.
</P>
<P>
Thus it is mandatory to load RSBR before accessing the paged program
address region.
</P>
<P>
The family members affected are ST6240/E40.
</P>
<P>
Users of these devices should be made aware of this to prevent any
problem in the use of the ROM device after successful debugging with
the EPROM device.
</P>
<LI>XOR LOGIC OPERATION (Version 960406 - EC)
<P>
From SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 and #4.2) it is possible
to read the following Application note
</P>
<PRE>
XOR.ASM - Release 1.00 / June 1994
By Guy DELACHANAL - Dev.Tools & Application Department
GRENOBLE - FRANCE
PURPOSE: perform XOR logic operation between two bytes
(This operation is not provided in the ST6 instruction set)
INPUT VARIABLES: V0 and V1
OUTPUT: ACCUMULATOR A
WORK REGISTER: MASK
Note: This routine may be used with any ST6 family MCU
Note: do not forget to define the V0, V1, MASK labels !
</PRE>
<PRE>
xor LD a,V0 ; First operand
AND a,V1 ; Only the bits that are "1" in both V0 and V1 are still
; "1" in accumulator A
NEGA ; These bits are now "0" (and the others "1")
LD MASK,A ; Let's save this "mask" into MASK register
ANDA V0 ; Resets the V0 bits that where "1" in both V0 and V1
; Other bits are left to their initial value
ADDA V1 ; Sets all the bits that where "1" in V1
; Other bits are left to their initial value
ANDA MASK ; Resets the bits that where "1" in both V0 and V1
; Other bits are left to their initial value
; ACCUMULTOR A is now the result
</PRE>
<LI>OR LOGIC OPERATION (version 960406 - EC)
<PRE>
PURPOSE: perform OR logic operation on a byte
(This operation is not provided in the ST6 instruction set)
The Morgan law can help: OR = not(not A AND not B) so if we want
to set the bit 0 of a byte the routine is:
</PRE>
<PRE>
load a,byte
com a
andi a,11111110b
com a
ld byte,a
</PRE>
<LI>OR LOGIC OPERATION (version 960930 - SG)
<BR> this OR's a and x, v is a temp register
<PRE>
ld a,v
com a
and a,x
add a,v
</PRE>
<LI>OR LOGIC OPERATION (version 970109 - SG)
<BR> a more efficient OR routine is ...
a OR x
<PRE>
ld v,a
com a
and a,x
add a,v
</PRE>
Which seems to work.
</UL>
<H4>
#6.9) Miscellaneous Documentation (EC!)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_6_9">
<P>
From the SGS-THOMSON BBS (see item #3.3 and #4.2 EXAMPLES DIRECTORY
\Application tips\Atip.txt #22) it is possible to read the following
Programming Techniques:
</P>
<P>
ST6 GOOD PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES 1.1
<BR>
The ST6 Applications Team
</P>
<UL>
<LI>Define all standard Registers for the device in a separate file:
<UL>
<LI>Use same register names for all your applications
<LI>Include the file in your code with .INPUT directive
</UL>
<LI>Use complete .DEF directives to name all your registers:
<UL>
<LI>Makes a program more readable
<LI>Allows the Assembler to check for Read/Write errors
</UL>
<LI>Clearly separate Code from Data in ROM:
<UL>
<LI>Remember that .WINDOW simplifies access to data
</UL>
<LI>Use X, Y, V, W Registers when possible to optimize code
<LI>Avoid use of SINGLE BIT instructions on I/O Ports and Write/Only Registers:
<UL>
<LI>Remember to use shadow registers
<LI>Single Bit instructions are: SET, RES, JRS, JRR
</UL>
<LI>Remember to initialise Reset and Interrupt vectors with JP instructions:
<UL>
<LI>Use .SECTION 32 for vector addresses
<LI>Unused interrupts can be directed to a RETI instruction
</UL>
<LI>Observe the correct sequences for modifying I/O port status:
<UL>
<LI>Prevent unwanted interrupts
</UL>
<LI>Put a RETI instruction at the beginning of the code:
<UL>
<LI>IF you want to use interrupts later
</UL>
<LI>Stop Timer, or clear Timer Interrupt in service Routine:
<UL>
<LI>Prevent unwanted Timer interrupts
</UL>
<LI>Remember to leave at least one instruction (e.g. NOP) after
powering the ADC:
<UL>
<LI>Allow the ADC to settle before taking a reading
</UL>
<LI>Set the Emulator Hardware/Software Watchdog jumper to suit the ST62:
<UL>
<LI>Prevent Watchdog problems with ROM/EPROM/OTP ST62/HWD devices
</UL>
<LI>Place commonly used subroutines in separate modules:
<UL>
<LI>Can be used in many projects
<LI>No need to debug more than once
<LI>Document: function, variables[in,out,used] and stack level in header
</UL>
<LI>Place commonly used code segments into macros:
<UL>
<LI>Reduce stacking levels with in-line code
<LI>Create a Macro Library
</UL>
<LI>Check on Stacking Level:
<UL>
<LI>Prevent hardware stack overflow causing program fail
</UL>
<LI>Always use .EQU directives to define constants:
<UL>
<LI>Allows fast updating
<LI>Reduces the chance of leaving some values unchanged
</UL>
<LI>Use .SECTION and not .ORG Assembler directives:
<UL>
<LI>Make code relocatable, and portable to other applications
<LI>Let the Linker command line define absolute locations
</UL>
<LI>Choose your symbol names appropriately and consistently
<LI>
Use comments as much as possible:
<UL>
<LI>The code may not be so clear at a later date, even tomorrow
</UL>
<LI>Backup your files regularly:
<UL>
<LI>Power cuts and other non-maskable interrupts can erase work in progress
</UL>
<LI>Document all changes on a regular basis:
<UL>
<LI>You may need to recover a previous state
<LI>or specify a Document Change Notice
</UL>
</UL>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###7) ST6 APPLICATIONS AND PROJECTS (EC%)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_7">
<H4>
#7.1) Printed Circuit Boards (EC%)
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_7_1">
<P>
[ to be added ]
</P>
<H4>
#7.2) Useful Routines
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_7_2">
<P>
The archive sites of ST6FAQ also offer contributions of st6-users
too voluminous to be put into this kernal ST6FAQ (a list is at the end
of <A HREF="#ST6FAQ_C_4_2"> #4.2 </A>).
</P>
<H4>
#7.5) Assembled Controllers
</H4>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_7_5">
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.dchip.com/products/mplc/mplc.htm">
Micro Programmable Logic Controller</A>
programmable in BASIC (compiled to MCode for execution)
<BR>offered by <A HREF="mailto:Stefan@dchip.com">
Stefan Ward</A>
<BR>MPLC Product Manager of Diamond Network Technologies
<PRE>
Tel: +27 12 804-0080
Fax: +27 12 804-1250
</PRE>
</P>
<P><HR><P>
<A HREF="#ST6FAQ_TOC">Return to ToC of ST6FAQ</A>
<BR>
<A HREF="st6.htm#top">Return to ST6 Home Page</A>
<P><HR><P>
<H3>###9) ATTRIBUTIONS (LS%980508)</H3>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_C_9">
<P>
Thanks are due to the following who have contributed
to this document, rsp. to complementary files in ST6 archive:
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:maartenh@stack.urc.tue.nl">
Maarten van de Hoek</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:ganswijk@xs4all.nl">
Jaap van Ganswijk</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:thibaut.brunet@st.com">
Thibaut Brunet ($ ST)</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:dom@i-cubed.demon.co.uk">
Dom Latter</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:olaf@criseis.ruhr.de">
Olaf Kaluza</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:David.Giles@pop3.hiway.co.uk">
David Giles</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:100661.1460@copmpuserve.com">
Ian David Roffey</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:steven.groom@arrow.co.nz">
Steven Groom</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:ncrapell@novanet.it">
Vittorio Crapella</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:73477.2630@CompuServe.COM">
Jean-Marc Delaplace</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:technel@otenet.gr">
Alexander Zigouras</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:gdipaolo@mail2.clio.it">
Giuseppe Di Paolo</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:giuss@usa.net">
same</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:Yvonne.Hayes@st.com">
Yvonne Hayes ($ ST)</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:Stefan@dchip.com">
Stefan Ward ($ DNT)</A>
</UL>
Special thanks also to the archivers of ST6FAQ:
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:dan@gsp.com">
Daniel Pfarrer</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:phillip@pm.cse.rmit.edu.au">
Dr Phillip Musumeci</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:ftpadmin@ftp.unina.it">
Massimo Gais</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:tcj@psyber.com">
Dave Baldwin</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:eforce@acy.digex.net">
Eric Force</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:tomi.engdahl@iki.fi">
Tomi Holger Engdahl</A>
<LI><A HREF="mailto:fidian@picard.tec.mn.us">
Tyler B. Atins</A>
</UL>
NOTE: ....... If your name should be here, apologies.
Let us know !
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<P><HR><P>
<H2>#D. Disclaimers</H2>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_D">
<B>
<P>
This FAQ is provided as is without any express or implied
warranties. While every effort has been taken to ensure the
accuracy of the information contained in this text, the
authors/maintainers/contributors assume no responsibility
for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use
of the information contained herein.
</P>
<P>
We disclaim everything. The contents of this article might be totally
inaccurate, inappropriate, or misguided.
</P>
<P>
Inclusion of any tips, hints, code samples in this document does NOT imply
any approval or guarantee as to the suitability of said samples for any
purpose whatsoever other than as a self-training aid. I.E. If it blows your
ICE, trashes your hard disc, wipes your backup, burns your building down or
just plain don't work, #### IT ISN'T OUR FAULT #### In the event of judicial
ruling to the contrary, any liability shall be limited to the sum charged on
you by us for the aforementioned document OR nothing, whichever is the lower.
</P>
</B>
<H2>#E. Copyrights</H2>
<BR><A NAME="ST6FAQ_E">
<B>
<UL>
<LI>Some parts Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 by Russell Hersch (sibit@datasrv.co.il),
all rights reserved (used with permission);
<LI>Some parts Copyright (c) 1995 by Robin Getz (rgetz@esd.nsc.com),
all rights reserved (used with permission);
<LI>Some parts Copyright (c) 1995 by Tom A.Kellett,
[T.A.K.DesignS Warrington UK ] (tom@takdsign.demon.co.uk)
all rights reserved (used with permission);
<LI>The rest is Copyright (c) 1995, 1996, 1997 by
Emilio Caggiano, Jerry van Kampen, Leonhard Schneider;
all rights reserved.
</UL>
<BR>
<UL>
<LI>This FAQ may be posted to any USENET newsgroup, on-line service, or BBS as
long as it is posted in its entirety including this copyright statement.
<LI>This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
<LI>This FAQ may not be included in commercial collections or compilations
without express permission from the author(s).
</UL>
<BR>
<!--
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*)
Jerry van Kampen (jvkamp42@worldaccess.nl) (*JvK*)
Leonhard Schneider (ubie@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de) (*LS*)
</PRE>
-->
<PRE>
Emilio Caggiano (caggiano@vm.csata.it) (*EC*)
Jerry van Kampen (*JvK*)
Leonhard Schneider (ubie@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de) (*LS*)
</PRE>
</B>
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